中国农业科学2017，Vol.50Issue(11)：2052-2060,9.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.11.011
玉米生理成熟后田间脱水期间的籽粒重量与含水率变化
Corn Kernel Weight and Moisture Content After Physiological Maturity in Field
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] In Huang-huai-hai Plain,the earlier harvesting date and the higher grain moisture content of summer maize reduces the harvest quality of mechanical grain harvest technology.The delayed harvest can reduce the grain moisture content.It remains unknown whether the grain weight and the yield will decrease or not during the field drying process.Clearing the changes of maize grain moisture and grain weight after physiological maturity is of benefit to promoting the application of grain mechanical harvesting technology.[Method] In 2015 and 2016,twenty two mainly planted cultivars were investigated in Comprehensive Experiment Stations of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences located in Xinxiang,Henan.Controlled pollination was applied in every cultivar.In 2015,from the 26th day after pollination to the 26th-52th day after physiological maturity,the grain weight and grain moisture were measured to analyze their changes.In 2016,the same traits were measured from the 11th day after pollination to the 16th-35th day after physiological maturity.[Result] Results showed that the average 100-kernel dry weight was 30.8 g at physiological maturity ranging from 23.3 g to 37.4 g.The average kernel moisture content was 27.5％ at physiological maturity ranging from 21.5％ to 33.1％.When all cultivars were finally tested after the long drying-down in field,the average 100-kernel dry weight was 32.0 g ranging from 22.9 g to 38.4g and the average kernel moisture content was 17.3％ ranged from 12.9％ to 24.4％.Before physiological maturity,the kernel weight increased significantly with the days after pollination.After physiological maturity,the kernel moisture content reduced significantly while the kernel weight kept stable.There was no statistically significant correlation between the kernel moisture content and the kernel weight after physiological maturity.[Conclusion] In Huang-huai-hai Plain,during the drying-down in field,com kernel moisture content reduced significantly after physiological maturity while kernel dry weight was stable.The delayed harvest is of help for lower kernel moisture content and can't decrease the yield due to the loss of kernel weight.关键词
黄淮海/夏玉米/生理成熟/粒重/籽粒含水率Key words
Huang-Huai-Hai/summer maize/physiological maturity/kernel weight/grain moisture content引用本文复制引用
李璐璐,王克如,谢瑞芝,明博,赵磊,李姗姗,侯鹏,李少昆..玉米生理成熟后田间脱水期间的籽粒重量与含水率变化[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(11):2052-2060,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31371575)、国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300101)、国家玉米产业技术体系项目(CARS-02-25)、中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程 （31371575）
