中国农业科学2017，Vol.50Issue(11)：2104-2113,10.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.11.016
花粒期光照强度对夏玉米根系生长和产量的影响
Effect of Different Light Intensities on Root Characteristics and Grain Yield of Summer Maize (Zea Mays L.)
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] In recent years,the declining trend of global solar radiation has become a limiting factor in crop production,low light is one of the most important stresses to maize growth and yield formation.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different light intensities on the root growth and yield of summer maize under field conditions.[Method] In 2012-2014,Denghai 605 (DH605) was used as experimental material.Two treatments of both shading (S) and increasing light (L) from flowering to maturity stage during maize growth period were designed.The field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of different light on dry matter accumulation,root structure characteristics and yields of summer maize.The shading degree was 60％ and the illumination intensity of the increasing light on cloudy day could reach 80 000-10 0000 lx.One non-shading and non-increasing light treatment was used as control.[Result] Compared to CK,root characteristics and grain yield under shading decreased,while those of L increased.Results showed that grain yields in S treatment were reduced by 79％,61％ and 60％ from 2012 to 2014,compared to CK,while the yields in L treatment were increased by 13％,7％ and 15％.Yield,root/shoot ratio,root diameter,root length density,root absorption area and root active absorption area decreased,respectively,after shading from flowering to maturity stage;however,the yield,root/shoot ratio,root diameter,root length density,root absorption area and root active absorption area increased after increasing light from flowering to maturity stage.Shading had a strong impact on the development of roots in the upper soil layer,while roots in lower soil layers were less affected.Shading from flowering to maturity stage clearly decreased the photosynthetic rate,leaf pigments content,dry matter accumulation,root/shoot ratio,root length density,root absorption area and active absorption area.Overall,shading from flowering to maturity stage decreased the root morphologic and activity indices.Increasing light was beneficial to the improvement of the root of the robust growth and root activity.The root absorption areas in the 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm soil layers in L increased by 17％,18％,17％ and 21％,27％,27％ at VT+20,VT+40,and R6,respectively,compared to the control.The root active absorption areas increased by 11％,18％,17％ and 27％,33％,28％ at VT+20,VT+40,and R6,respectively,compared to the control.Increasing light made the plants could get more water and nutrients from the soil for the growth of the aerial part,increasing grain filling rate and grain yield.[Conclusion] Inlattergrowingperiod,rootcharacteristicsandgrainyielddecreasedundershading,whilethose of L increased.In order to fit rainy weather in latter period,the study suggest that adjusting plant date and optimizing management should be done to mitigate shading in this region.关键词
夏玉米/遮阴/增光/根系特征/产量Key words
summer maize/shading/increasing light/root characteristics/grain yield引用本文复制引用
高佳,史建国,董树亭,刘鹏,赵斌,张吉旺..花粒期光照强度对夏玉米根系生长和产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(11):2104-2113,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31671629)、国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-02-20)、山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目、山东省玉米育种与栽培技术企业重点实验室开放课题 （31671629）
