中国农业科学2017，Vol.50Issue(12)：2380-2388,9.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.12.018
中华蜜蜂和意大利蜜蜂耐寒性能差异比较
Comparison of Different Cold Resistance Between Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] The objective of this research is to study the composition of cold resistance system in Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica,and to provide a theoretical basis for the study of the differences of cold resistance between the two species.[Method] Five A.c.cerana colonies and five A.m.ligustica colonies which overwintered under the same equivalent environment were randomly selected with 10-25 bees in each colony on December 20th,2015.The supercooling point (SCP) and freezing point (FP) were measured immediately,and their cold tolerance were compared.The free water,bound water,fat,glycogen,protein and the trehalase activities were determined,respectively.Four important regulatory genes were sure through the biosynthetic pathway of trehalose.The relative expression of the four important regulatory genes at mRNA level were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR in over-wintering period.[Result] Compared with A.m.ligustica,the super-cooling point was significantly higher than A.c.cerana (P＜0.05).The freezing point showed no obvious difference (P＞0.05).The free-water content ofA.c.cerana was significantly lower than A.m.ligustica (P＜0.05),by contrast the bound-water content ofA.c.cerana was obviously higher than A.m.ligustica (P＜0.05).There was no obvious difference in the fat content between A.cerana cerana and A.m.ligustica (P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the protein content of two bee species (P＞0.05);glycogen content ofA.c.cerana had significantly increased than A.mellifera ligustica in mid-winter (P＜0.05).The mannitol,sorbic alcohol content of A.c.cerana was twice as that of A.m.ligustica in the hemolymph (P＜0.05).The content of trehalose in A.c.cerana was obviously higher than A.m.ligustica (P＜0.05).The trehalase activity of A.c.cerana significantly reduced compared with A.m.ligustica in the body and hemolymph (P＜0.05).Compared with A.c.cerana,the relative expression levels of Tre-2 and UGP had significantly increased in A.m.ligustica (P＜0.05),but Tre-1 was obviously lower (P＜0.05).There was no obvious difference in the relative expression levels of TPS between A.c.cerana and A.m.ligustica (P＞0.05).[Conclusion] A.c.cerana decreases supercooling point by reducing the content of free water,increasing the content of glycogen and low molecular sugar,regulating trehalase activity related genes expression to increase its cold resistance.关键词
中华蜜蜂/意大利蜜蜂/过冷却点/耐寒性/差异Key words
Apis cerana cerana/Apis mellifera ligustica/super-cooling point (SCP)/cold resistance/difference引用本文复制引用
秦明,王红芳,刘振国,王颖,王帅,郗学鹏,刘春蕾,张卫星,胥保华..中华蜜蜂和意大利蜜蜂耐寒性能差异比较[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(12):2380-2388,9.基金项目
国家蜂产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-45)、山东省农业良种工程项目“优质高产蜜蜂及蚕桑新品种培育”(2014-2016) （CARS-45）
