农业机械学报2017，Vol.48Issue(9)：223-230,8.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.09.028
砾石覆盖条件下土壤水热效应对冬小麦田CO2排放的影响
Impacts of Soil Water and Temperature Effects on CO2 Emissions in Winter Wheat Field under Gravel Mulching Condition
摘要
Abstract
Gravel mulching technology,as one of the most important field management techniques,has been long applied by farmers in dry areas to decrease water evaporation and maintain soil temperature,which can also improve crop production in the arid and semi-arid regions.Studying on the influences of gravel mulching on soil water and temperature as well as ecosystem CO2 emissions will play an important role in assessing farmland ecological effects of gravel mulching.A winter wheat field experiment over two-year periods was carried out and annual CO2 emission was monitored with a static opaque chamber and chromatography method,and the net ecosystem exchange and harvest index were calculated.In the experiment,four field treatments were applied,including CK (control with no mulching),WCK (supplementary irrigation with no mulching),GM (gravel mulching with no irrigation),and WGM (gravel mulching with supplementary irrigation).Compared with the control treatments,the gravel mulching treatments can significantly increase the soil temperature and moisture,for specific performance,WGM was the largest,and followed by GM.Consequently,gravel mulching exerted greater effect on soil water and temperature.Seasonal dynamics of CO2 emissions generally followed the change of soil temperature with high peaks of CO2 fluxes from April to June in both years,whereas CO2 fluxes went conversely with soil water content change over the two years.Statistical analysis also showed that soil temperature and soil moisture had significant interactions on CO2 emissions at P ＜ 0.05 level.By the correlation matrix and principal component analyses,the distribution of CO2 emissions was the closest with the two control treatments (CK and WCK),and the farthest with the two gravel mulch treatments (GM and WGM).The gravel mulching practice,particularly the WGM treatment,can significantly influence the distribution of winter wheat growth parameters such as yield,harvest index,net ecosystem exchange and so on.The above mentioned results indicated that the gravel mulching technology had the potential to increase winter wheat yield,promote net ecosystem exchange and reduce CO2 emissions from ecosystem.All in all,gravel mulching combined with supplemental irrigation in the key growth stages could effectively improve soil hydro-thermal conditions,and reduce CO2 emissions from farmland ecosystems.关键词
砾石覆盖/水分/温度/CO2排放/生态系统净交换/主成分分析Key words
gravel mulching/moisture/temperature/CO2 emissions/net ecosystem exchange/principal components analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王冬林,冯浩,李毅,张阿凤..砾石覆盖条件下土壤水热效应对冬小麦田CO2排放的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(9):223-230,8.基金项目
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2013AA102904)、国家自然科学基金项目(41301305)和西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2014YB062、2452015355) （863计划）
