水土保持学报2017，Vol.31Issue(5)：81-86,6.DOI:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.05.013
坡面侵蚀产沙与水力学特征参数关系模拟
Research on Relationships Between Sediment Yield and Hydraulics Parameters on Slope
摘要
Abstract
The slope erosion and sediment yield are mainly affected by the dynamic process of slope runoff.The characteristics of slope runoff process are described by hydraulic parameters.The purpose of this paper was to study the relationships between slope erosion and sediment yield and hydraulics parameters,and to reveal the hydrodynamic mechanism of slope erosion and sediment yield through artificial rainfall simulation.The principles of classical hydraulic calculation and statistical fitting were applied for the comprehensive analysis of runoff and sediment yield process in different rainfall intensities and slope lengths.Five slope lengths (1,2,3,4,5 m) with 13 rainfall intensities were designed under a specific slope (20°).The conclusions were listed as follows:(1) Within the designed rainfall intensities (0.65 ～ 2.0 mm/min) and slope (20°),slope surface runoff were slowly,which was laminar flow under rainfall intensity ＜ 0.7 mm/min,the smallest rainfall intensity of turbulent flow occurrence was 1.01 mm/min.(2) The influence of the slope length on the Froude number and resistance coefficient were larger than on the shear stress,runoff depth and Reynolds number.The slope length of 3 m was the step length of slope runoff fluctuation,and was the shortest slope length designed for a simulated experiment of hydrodynamic parameters.(3) The velocity was the main influence parameter of slope surface erosion and sediment yield,and the shear stress was one of comprehensive indicators for estimating the strength of slope surface erosion and sediment yield.The above results provided a simple and rapid judgment method for predicting the intensity of erosion and sediment yield through runoff and flow velocity in wide field.关键词
侵蚀产沙/水力学参数/试验设计的有效性/模拟降雨试验Key words
slope erosion and sediment yield/hydraulics parameters/the effectiveness of the experimental design/simulated rainfall experiment分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张锐波,张丽萍,付兴涛..坡面侵蚀产沙与水力学特征参数关系模拟[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(5):81-86,6.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41471221) （41471221）
