中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(11)：1565-1579,15.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.170299
化肥和饲料添加剂生产磷流动特征研究
Phosphorus flow from large-scale fertilizer and feed additive chemical enterprises
摘要
Abstract
Phosphorus (P), as an essential nutrient for crops and livestock, is a non-renewable resource. In order to improve the productivity of agriculture and animal husbandry, about 80% of phosphate rocks are used to produce phosphate fertilizers and P feed additives. Therefore, it is very important to improve the production efficiency of P. However, information on flow characteristics and use efficiency of P in the production chain of "mining-benefaction-phosphoric acid-P fertilizers (feed addi-tive)" has remained scarce. This study was done in support of establishing database on P flow through enterprise survey. The fertilizer and feed additive production module of NUFER (NUtrient flows in Food chains, Environment and Resources use) model, which is based on Material Flow Analysis (MFA) was used. Using a large P chemical enterprise in China as a case study, we analyzed P flow characteristics, P use efficiency, P footprint and P loss in the "mining-benefaction-phosphoric acid-P fer-tilizers (feed additive)" system and future scenarios for P chemical enterprises. The results showed that of the 3902 Gg P ore resources (100% P2O5, the same as below), only 2426 Gg ended up in fertilizers and P feed additives in 2015. Diammonium phosphate (DAP) was the highest yield product (1558 Gg), followed by mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), NPK compound fertilizer (NPK), triple superphosphate (TSP), di-calcium phosphate (MDCP) feed additive, single superphosphate (SSP), NPS compound fertilizer (NPS) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO5). The corresponding yields were respectively 634 Gg, 154 Gg, 130 Gg, 34 Gg, 22 Gg, 3 Gg and 1 Gg. The production efficiency was 99% for NPK, 98% for DAP, MAP and NPS, 95% for MDCP, 93% for TSP and 91% for SSP and KH2PO5. The production efficiency of the entire production chain was 80%. Most of the P loss came from phosphate rock processing, which accounted for 51% of total P loss. This was followed by min-ing (25%) and phosphoric acid product (14%). By optimizing production efficiency and improving recycling rate of wastes, P loss was expected to reduce by 42%. Although the utilization efficiency of P in the enterprise was at an advanced stage in China, there was still room for improvement.关键词
磷资源/磷流动/磷利用效率/物质流分析/NUFER模型/磷化工企业Key words
Phosphorus resources/Phosphorus flow/Phosphorus utilization efficiency/Material flow analysis/NUFER-model/Phosphorus chemical enterprise分类
环境科学引用本文复制引用
陈炫冀,陈晓辉,柏兆海,马林..化肥和饲料添加剂生产磷流动特征研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(11):1565-1579,15.基金项目
河北省杰出青年科学基金(D2017503023)、云天化国际植物营养研究院开放项目(YTHZWYJY2016001)和中国科学院"百人计划"项目资助 This study was supported by the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hebei Province (D2017503023), the Research Project of International Plant Nutrition Institute in Yuntianhua Company (YTHZWYJY2016001) and the Hundred Talent Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences. （D2017503023）
