中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(11)：1684-1692,9.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.170224
野燕麦繁殖和抗逆特性及其对小麦的他感效应研究
Reproductive and stress resistance characteristics of wild oat and its allelopathic effects on common wheat
摘要
Abstract
As a widespread malignant weed in farmlands, wild oat has strong survival ability and can adopt multiple strategies to cope with various and changing environmental stresses. This high adaptive ability always makes wild oat to occupy a dominant place in the interspecific competition. In this study, the reproductive and dispersal characteristics of the population, stress resistance of seeds and seedlings, and allelopathic effects (root exudates) on common wheat seedlings of wild oat were investigated. The study aimed to understand the survival strategies of wild oat and find effective methods of controlling natural spread of this plant species. The main results of the study were as follows: 1) Wild oat had a strong sexual reproduction and population dispersal ability in farmland ecosystems. This included earlier flowering and higher grain-setting than common wheat, high seed yield, huge seed bank, far seed dispersal distance, etc. 2) The germination of wild oat seed occurred within a wide temperature range and could germinate normally under room or varying temperature conditions. Room temperature was the optimum condition for wild oat seed germination after freezing treatment, which was highly benefited the plant by break-ing seed dormancy and increasing total germination rate to up to 93.33%. 3) Wild oat seed had some adaptable responses to the salt stress, but germinated normally when NaCl concentration was below 1.80%. 4) Wild oat seedling was also adapted very well to both salt and drought stresses. Proline accumulation in seedling leaf of wild oat increased significantly (P < 0.01) with gradual increase in NaCl or PEG concentration. However, catalase activity of wild oat seedling leaf increased at the start of NaCl or PEG stress and then declined as NaCl or PEG concentration increased. 5) Root aqueous extract of wild oat negatively affected the plant height, plant dry weight, root length and root vitality of wheat, which was significant atP < 0.01 level. This demonstrated that the root of wild oat had a strong allelopathic effect on the growth of common wheat seedling. The above results suggested that the competitive advantage of wild oat was reflected in several ways― strong sexual reproduction and seed dispersal ability, high resistance to salt and drought adversities, and significant allelopathic effect on adjacent plants. Related in depth studies were required to provide firm theoretical basis for controlling wild oat dispersal in farmlands, especially in wheat fields.关键词
野燕麦/繁殖特性/抗逆性/他感作用/竞争优势Key words
Wild oat/Reproductive characteristics/Stress resistance/Allelopathic effect/Competitive advantage分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
赵威,王艳杰,李琳,王馨..野燕麦繁殖和抗逆特性及其对小麦的他感效应研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(11):1684-1692,9.基金项目
NSFC-河南人才培养联合基金(U1304306)和河南科技大学学科提升振兴A计划项目(13660001)资助 This work was supported by the NSFC-Henan United Fund for Talents Cultivation of China (U1304306) and the Discipline Improvement and Promotion Plan A of Henan University of Science and Technology (13660001). （U1304306）
