中国人口·资源与环境2017，Vol.27Issue(10)：56-63,8.DOI:10.12062/cpre.20170431
环境污染与城乡收入差距:作用机制与基于中国经济事实的检验
Environmental pollution and the income gap between urban and rural residents: impacting mechanism and evidence from China's economic facts
摘要
Abstract
Pollution is not only closely correlated with health stock,but also leads to different decisions of health investments of citizens at various income levels.As a result,the income gap between urban residents and rural residents could be affected by pollution.We develop an intertemporal economic model to study the impact of pollution and the urban-rural income gap.Our theory model proposes that pollution would enlarge the income gap between urban and rural residents in absolute values when residents are exposed to the same levels of pollution both in the rural and urban areas.It results in the greater extent to which pollution limits health investments by lowering health stocks among rural residents due to their lower initial income than the urban.Following our theoretical results,we seek for empirical evidence by using the China provincial data set over the period of 2000-2013.Our empirical results suggest the followings:① Pollution has a statistically significant and positive effect on the income gap between urban and rural residents.This conclusion is robust to different pollution measures,either the per capita emission of sulfur dioxide or the per capita emission of chemical oxygen demand in waste water.② The positive effect is even larger in the panel threshold model where the lag income gap hits the threshold.It indicates that the relative income gap widens more as rural residents' investment in health is more restricted by pollution.③ Along with the key factors of human capital accumulation,such as education,urbanization,and government behavior,pollution also contributes to the income gap.Its effect increases both in the pollution level and the initial income gap.Thus our results suggest making a balance between reducing the income gap between urban and rural residents and allocating the pollution by the health costs.关键词
环境污染/城乡收入差距/健康人力资本/异质性Key words
pollution/income gap between urban and rural residents/human health capital/heterogeneity分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
盛鹏飞..环境污染与城乡收入差距:作用机制与基于中国经济事实的检验[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(10):56-63,8.基金项目
教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目“与环境污染相关的健康不平等研究”(批准号:15YJCZH139). （批准号:15YJCZH139）
