农业工程学报2017，Vol.33Issue(18)：196-202,7.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.18.026
水生植物堆肥替代部分氮肥提高水稻产量与稻田土壤肥力
Partial nitrogen fertilizer substitution by aquatic plant compost to improve rice yield and paddy soil fertility
摘要
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of organic fertilizer based on aquatic plant composting on the rice yield and paddy soil properties,a four-year field experiment was carried out in the typical paddy field of the Tai Lake region.The four-year field experiment was composed of different combinations of organic nitrogen substitute of aquatic plant compost and mineral urea,and it included 6 treatments whose proportions of organic nitrogen were 0,20％,40％,60％,80％ and 100％ of total nitrogen amount,respectively;and for all the treatments,the total nitrogen inputs were the same.Grain yield,yield components,the uptake of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in rice straw and grain as well as the concentration of soil organic carbon and soil total nitrogen and pH value in the top soil layer were measured.Our study revealed the following findings:Firstly,compared to mineral urea alone,combined application of both organic fertilizer of aquatic plant composting and mineral urea had a good potential to improve the grain yield of rice,and with the increase of organic fertilizer ratio,rice yield tended to increase first and then afterwards decrease.When the replacement of organic fertilizer was 40％ and 60％ of total nitrogen,the rice yield reached the highest point.Applying organic fertilizer alone had similar grain yield of rice as the treatment of applying urea alone.Secondly,the number of productive tillers was significantly reduced with sole organic fertilizer,while the phenomenon could be diminished or eliminated by combined application of compost and mineral urea.The parameters including the number of productive tillers,spikelets per panicle and percentage of filled grains were all relatively higher when the organic nitrogen substitutes were at the ratio of 40％ and 60％ of total nitrogen input.Thirdly,with the increase of organic fertilizer application,the nitrogen concentration in straw was decreased,while no pronounced effect was found for the nitrogen concentration in grain.Furthermore,no significant difference was found for the phosphorus uptake in grain or straw among all the treatments.The potassium uptake of straw was significantly improved with the addition of organic fertilizer,and meanwhile the potassium uptake of grain was significantly enhanced when the substitute rate of organic fertilizer was 80％ of total nitrogen.Lastly,there was positively significant correlation between the soil total nitrogen,soil organic carbon and pH value,and the amount of organic fertilizer application.With the addition of organic fertilizer,the soil total nitrogen and soil organic carbon were significantly increased compared to that of 4 years ago.When the organic nitrogen was applied at 80％ and 100％ of total nitrogen,the soil pH value was also significantly higher than that of 4 years ago.In conclusion,the combined use of aquatic plant compost plus with mineral urea is beneficial to improve the grain yield of rice,enhance soil organic matter as well as decrease the soil acidification,which is a protective and environmental-friendly fertilization technology in Tai Lake region.关键词
氮/土壤/肥料/太湖地区/水稻产量/养分吸收Key words
nitrogen/soil/fertilizer/Tai lake region/rice yield/nutrient uptake分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陶玥玥,金梅娟,汤云龙,朱兴连,陆长婴,王海候,施林林,周新伟,沈明星..水生植物堆肥替代部分氮肥提高水稻产量与稻田土壤肥力[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(18):196-202,7.基金项目
国家重点研发计划子课题任务(2016YFD0300207-03) （2016YFD0300207-03）
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(16)-1003-11) （CX(16）
江苏省自然科学青年基金(BK20170325) （BK20170325）
