播期对北疆鲜食玉米田节肢动物群落结构特征的影响
Effects of Sowing Date on Arthropod Community Structure in Fresh Corn Fields in Northern Xinjiang
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of sowing date on arthropod community structure in fresh corn field so as to provide guidance for rational selection of sowing dates and scientific utilization of natural enemy insects to realize natural regulation of insect communities.[Method] The community structure characteristics of arthropod community in corn fields were determined by net capture method and visual method at six sowing dates (T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6).[Result]The survey received 11,628 arthropod animal heads,which belonged to 3 classes,13 orders and 42 families,66 genera and 71 species;the sowing period total species number (S),total individual number (N) and the number of dominant species of natural enemies of individual differences were not significant (P ＞ 0.05),but there are significant differences between occurrence quantity of dominant pests of corn borer (P ＜0.05).The T1 and T2 in early sowing 100 strain and damage rate were significantly greater than the late sowing (T5,T6) (P ＜ 0.05).In the community index,the evenness index and diversity index of T1 and T2 were the lowest,and the dominant concentration index was the highest,and the community was the most unstable.The occurrence of a large number of corn borer and corn three spot leafhoppers resulted in significant changes of arthropod community index in maize field,and was a major factor affecting community stability.Community structure similarity indicated that the community structure between T1 and T2,T3 and T4,T5 and T6 was the very similar,and the same control strategy could be adopted in the prevention and control of major pests.[Conclusion] The delaying of sowing date had litde influence on the natural enemies and neutral insects in fresh corn fields,but the peak time of corn borer damage rate and the amount of larvae per plant decreased with the delay of sowing time decreased,compared with the April 16th planting corn fields,larvae per 100 plants in May 9th,May 15th,April 21st,May 24th,June 1st of the first and second generation corn borer occurrence period were reduced by 62.16％ and 5.87％,70.18％ and 23.10％,81.62％ and 29.44％,100％ and 51.19％,100％ and 51.90％,23％ and 3.80％,reduce the damage rate of 26.20％ and 16.20％,37％ and 30.6％,30.20％ and 23％,37％ and 37％.Therefore,in order to reduce the damage of field corn borer,it is suggested that the best sowing time for fresh corn in northern Xinjiang is from early May to mid May.关键词
鲜食玉米/播期/节肢动物群落/时序动态Key words
fresh corn/sowing date/arthropod community/temporal dynamics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
尹鹏,刘文,丁新华,付开赟,吐尔逊·阿合买提,何江,塔力木·再那力别克,玛日耶姆·麦麦提,台外库力·吾斯曼,郭文超..播期对北疆鲜食玉米田节肢动物群落结构特征的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2017,54(9):1659-1669,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目“北方玉米化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(SQ2017ZY060067) （SQ2017ZY060067）
新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑项目“新疆玉米主产区玉米螟绿色防控关键技术研究与示范”(201531103) （201531103）
新疆维吾尔自治区三院基金项目“喀什地区玉米螟综合防控技术研究与示范”(2015SY008) （2015SY008）
The National Key Research and Development Program of China "Integration Research and Demonstration of Reducing Technology on Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticide in Corn of Northern China" (SQ2017ZY060067),Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Scientific Support Project "Key Green Technique Research and Demonstration for Controlling Pyrausta nubilalis in Major Corn Producing Areas in Xinjiang" (201531103)and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region's Three Academy Fund Projects "Comprehensive Prevention and Control Technology Research and Demonstration for Pyrausta nubilalis in Kashgar" (2015SY008) （SQ2017ZY060067）
