南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）2017，Vol.41Issue(6)：1-7,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201703020
薄壳山核桃雌雄花芽分化外部形态与内部结构的关系
Observation of morphological and anatomical characters on staminate and pistillate flower differentiation in Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] The demand for the pecan cultivar 'Pawnee' (pro) is high in China. However, its heterodicog-amous often cases unstable yield. Studying the process of flower differentiation is essential for the adjustment of the flow-ering period and balance year' s production. [ Method] We combined phonological observation with photographs of paraffin sections to study the developmental progress during flower differentiation; we observed ' Pawnee' 's ( protan-drous) fruiting bud differentiation and the growth of female and male gametophytes. [ Result] We established a connection between external morphology and internal anatomy during development. Male pecan flower budding initiates in early April; this is then followed by the inflorescence differentiation stage, stamen differentiation stage, sepal primordium differentiation stage, stamen growth stage, anther develop stage, and pollen sac and pollen formation stage. The corresponding morphological changes included: male flower buds changed from green and soft to brown and hard, the buds swelled, male flower bud scales cracked, inflorescence elongated, flower bracts swelled and cracking, then an-ther turn to yellow. The female flower buds began to develop from a terminal branch since mid-April. They then entered the critical period of morphological differentiation as follows: pistillate inflorescence differentiation stage, flower stalk and flower primordium differentiation phase, perianth primordium stage, bract primordium differentiation phase, sepal differentiation stage, pistil differentiation stage, and ovule differentiation stage. The corresponding morphological changes included: female flower bud scales changed from yellow green to brown to gray green, the scales gradually opened, flake off epidermis, floret primordium appeared swollen, exposing the stigma and style of elongation. Thus, it is feasible to judge the period of pecan flower differentiation based on flower buds' morphology and anatomical structure preliminary.关键词
薄壳山核桃/'Pawnee'/花芽分化/外观形态/内部解剖结构/雌雄异熟Key words
Carya illinoensis/'Pawnee '/flower bud differentiation/external morphology/internal anatomical structure/dichogamy分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
韩明慧,彭方仁,邓秋菊,谭鹏鹏..薄壳山核桃雌雄花芽分化外部形态与内部结构的关系[J].南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）,2017,41(6):1-7,7.基金项目
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目( PAPD) （ PAPD）
国家林业局'948' 项目(2015-4-16) （2015-4-16）
江苏省林业三新工程项目(Lysx [2016]44) （Lysx [2016]44）
