生态学报2017，Vol.37Issue(20)：6914-6932,19.DOI:10.5846/stxb201607261528
养猪微生物发酵床芽胞杆菌空间分布多样性
Spatial distribution pattern and community diversity of the Bacillus-like species in a fermentation bed system for pig rearing
摘要
Abstract
To provide a foundation for the management of microbial fermentation beds,new resource mining of Bacillus-like species,and development of microbial agents,we investigated the spatial distribution pattern and community diversity of Bacillus-like species in the litters of a pig-on-litter system.The microbial fermentation bed was divided into 32 square areas of 4 rows × 8 columns.A sample from each area was obtained using a five-point sampling mode.Bacillus-like bacteria were isolated from the 32 samples using a culture method and preliminarily identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequences.The spatial distribution pattern of the Bacillus-like bacteria was analyzed using a concentration index and regression analysis.Moreover,the Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Simpson dominance index,Hill index,and richness were separately calculated to reveal the community structure and diversity of the Bacillus-like bacteria in the microbial fermentation bed.A total of 452 Bacillus-like isolates were obtained from the 32 litter samples,and identified as 48 species belonging to eight genera and two Families (Bacillaceae and Paenibacillaceae) within the Bacilli by 16S rRNA gene sequences.The species numbers for the genera were as follows:30 for Bacillus,six for Lysinibacillus,five for Pacnibacillus,three for Brevibacillus,and one for each of Ornithinibacillus,Oceanobacillus,Paucisalibacillus,and Gracilibacillus.There was a large difference in the distribution of Bacillus-like species in the fermentation bed.On the basis of their occurrence frequency,the Bacillus-like species could be discriminated as the widespread species,including Bacillus licheniformis;sparsely distributed species,including B.rhizosphaerae;and rare species,including B.flexus.According to the abundance of each species,the Bacillus-like species could be classified into the high-content dominant populations,including B.licheniformis;medium-content common populations,including Lysinibacillus halotolerans;oligocontent oligo populations,including B.rhizosphaerae,and low-content occasional populations,including B.humi.The concentration class and regression analysis results indicated that the spatial distribution pattern of the Bacillus-like species in the microbial fermentation bed was an aggregated distribution.In the litters,the content range,total content,richness,Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index,and Pielou's evenness index of the Bacillus-like species were 0.01-94.1 × 106 cfu/g,4.41 × 108 cfu/g,0.4928,0.2634,1.3589,and 0.9803,respectively.Moreover,B.licheniformis appeared to have the highest Shannon-Wiener index value.On the basis of the diversity index cluster analysis,all the Bacillus-like species could be divided into a high richness high content group and a low richness low content group.The Bacillus-like bacteria can actively inhabit microbial fermentation beds and have rich species and abundant contents.Thus,the microbial fermentation bed can be considered as a natural bacterial "fermentation tank," which is expected to be directly used as a microbial inoculum and applied in the fields for purposes including soil improvement,crop disease prevention and control,and pollution management.关键词
芽胞杆菌/微生物发酵床/16S rRNA基因/空间分布/多样性Key words
Bacillus-like species/piggery bedding/16S rRNA gene/spatial distribution/diversity引用本文复制引用
刘国红,刘波,王阶平,朱育菁,车建美,陈倩倩,陈峥..养猪微生物发酵床芽胞杆菌空间分布多样性[J].生态学报,2017,37(20):6914-6932,19.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31370059) （31370059）
福建省自然科学基金(2016J01129) （2016J01129）
福建省公益项目(2015R1018-7) （2015R1018-7）
农业部948项目(2016-X21) （2016-X21）
