土壤2017，Vol.49Issue(5)：882-887,6.DOI:10.13758/j.cnki.tr.2017.05.004
不同氮肥用量与施肥时期对冷浸田单季稻生长及农学效率的影响
Effects of Different Combinations of Nitrogen Applying Rates and Fertilizing Time on Single Cropping Rice Growth and Agronomic Efficiency in Cold-waterlogged Paddy Field
摘要
Abstract
Cold-waterlogged (CW) paddy fields are low-yield paddy fields in Fujian Province. Based on main CW paddy field types (including shallow-foot mud paddy field, blue mud field and paddy field with rust) in Fujian Province, the effects of different combinations of nitrogen applying rates (105, 150 and 195 kg/hm2) and fertilizing time (base and tillering fertilizer: earing fertilizer=10:0; base and tillering fertilizer: earing fertilizer=7:3) on single cropping rice growth and agronomic efficiency were investigated by field experiments conducted in three sites. The results showed that increasing nitrogen applying rate improved rice growth rate at the tillering stage. Compared to CK, nitrogen combination treatments increased rice grain yields by 14.5%—45.5%, 9.4%—13.5% and 10.4%—15.9% for paddy field with rust, blue mud field and shallow-foot mud paddy field, respectively, but the yield increasing effect significantly slowed down when nitrogen applying rate was over 105 kg/hm2. Applying nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the effective panicles of rice in the harvest stage, but there was no significant difference in the grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight for all treatments. The agronomic efficiencies of different CW paddy field types were 17.4, 13.3 and 12.8 kg/kg respectively under the 105, 150 and 195 kg/hm2 of nitrogen applying rates. Except for the shallow-foot mud paddy field in which the straw yield showed significant differences with earing fertilizer, the yields of rice grains and straws had no significant difference between other different fertilizing time treatments. Increasing nitrogen applying rate had tended to improve nitrogen content but decreased potassium content of rice grains. Given the higher nitrogen levels of CW paddy fields, the suitable nitrogen applying rate should be controlled within 105—150 kg/hm2, otherwise the agronomic efficiency will diminish and the yield-increasing effect is little when it is over 150 kg/hm2. In addition, considering labour cost and economic benefit, all the nitrogen fertilizer should be used as of base and tillering fertilizer.关键词
冷浸田/水稻/氮肥/农学效率/推荐施肥Key words
Cold-waterlogged paddy field/Rice/Nitrogen fertilizer/Agronomic efficiency/Fertilizer recommendation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王飞,林诚,李清华,何春梅,林新坚..不同氮肥用量与施肥时期对冷浸田单季稻生长及农学效率的影响[J].土壤,2017,49(5):882-887,6.基金项目
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003059-08)和福建省农科院PI创新团队项目(2016PI-31)资助. （农业）
