果树学报2017，Vol.34Issue(11)：1394-1400,7.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20170140
不同基因型核桃雄花营养品质及抗氧化活性分析
Analysis of nutritional quality and antioxidant activity of male flowers in walnut
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] In order to utilize the abundant resources of male flowers of walnut (Juglans regia),nutritional quality and antioxidant activity of the male flowers of five different genotypes were evaluated.[Methods] The male flowers of ‘ Qianhe-5’ ‘ Qianhe-7’ ‘ Qianhe-8’ ‘ Caishen-10’ and ‘ Xiangling’ were collected from Hezhang county of Bijie city,Guizhou province.The content of crude protein was determined by semi micro Kjeldahl method,the content of fat by Soxhlet extraction,the content of soluble sugar by anthrone colorimetric method,titratable acid content by acid hydrolysis method,the content of starch,crude fibre and ash by acid hydrolysis,weighing and furnace method,separately.The content of mineral elements was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Determination of amino acids by automatic amino acid analyzer,the ascorbic acid by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),total phenol content by Folin Shaw colorimetry,total flavonoids content by aluminum nitrate colorimetric method,DPPH free radical scavenging test was carried out with reference to the method described by Motamed,FRAP iron ion reduction test with reference to the method described by Hatamnia.The variance analysis and correlation analysis were carried out using DPS v7.05 software.The multiple comparisons were performed using the Duncan's new bipolar difference method.[Results] There were significant differences in the contents of the normal nutritional components of male flowers among the different genotypes of walnut.All conventional nutrients except for dry matter had some differences,the content of total soluble sugar and starch had the highest difference.The order of the total soluble sugar content was ‘ Qianhe-5’ ＞ ‘ Qianhe-7’ ＞ ‘ Qianhe-8’ ＞ ‘ Xiangling’ ＞‘ Caishen-10’ and the order of the starch was ‘ Qianhe-8’ ＞ ‘ Qianhe-7’ ＞ ‘Xiangling’ ＞ ‘ Qianhe-5’ ＞ ‘ C aishen-10 ’.The conventional nutrient content of the male flowers of walnuts originated from Guizhou were higher than that of ‘ Xiangling’ introduced from the North of China.Among four local varieties,‘ Qianhe-7’ was more prominent,especially in protein,carbohydrates and available.‘Caishen-10’ was inferior to other three varieties in total soluble sugars,starch and carbohydrates.‘ Qianhe-8’ had the highest starch content and ‘ Qianhe-5’ had the highest crude fiber content.‘Qianhe-8’ and ‘Qianhe-5’ did not have advantage in other seven nutritional components.‘ Xiangling’ had the lowest contents of Fe,Mn,Cu,B and the highest content of Zn.‘ Qianhe-7’ had the highest total content of macroelements and microelements especially P,Fe,Mn,Cu.‘ Qianhe-5’,had the lowest total content of macroelement especially K,and Zn and B,and the highest content of microelements.‘Qianhe-8’ and ‘Qianhe-10’ had no advantages in total mineral elements,particularly in P and Ca.The male flowers of different genotypes of walnut were rich in 17 kinds of amino acids and 9 kinds of essential amino acids (including semi essential amino acids Arg and His).There was no significant difference in the total amount of amino acids (10.10-11.01 g· 100 g-1) and essential amino acids (4.11-4.54 g· 100 g-1) in the male flowers of different walnut although the essential amino acid/total amino acid (EAA/TAA) of ‘ Xiangling’ was lower than 40％.‘ Qianhe-7’ had highest contents of Asp,Ala,Tyr and ‘ Qianhe-8’ had the highest content of Gly than that of other two local varieties.‘Qianhe-5’ had the lowest contents of Asp,Gly,Tyr,His,Lys and Arg,and the highest content of Pro.The order of content of ascorbic acid was ‘ Qianhe-5’ ＞ ‘ Qianhe-7’ ＞ ‘ Qianhe-8’ ＞ ‘ Caishen-10’ ＞ ‘Xiangling’.The order of the content of total phenols and total flavonoid was ‘ Qianhe-8’ ＞ ‘ Xiangling’ ＞ ‘ Qianhe-7’ ＞‘ Caishen-10’ ＞ ‘ Qianhe5 ’.And the order of antioxidant activity was the same as total phenols and total flavonoid.[Conclusion] There was no significant difference in the nutritional composition of the male flowers of the different walnuts,while there was difference in the contents of the nutritional components.The local varieties especially ‘Qianhe-7’ had high previlege in the nutritional quality compared with ‘Xiangling’ originated from the North of China.关键词
核桃/雄花/基因型/营养品质/抗氧化活性Key words
Walnut/Male flowers/Genotype/Nutritional quality/Antioxidant activity分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李雪,王长雷,史斌斌,潘学军,张文娥..不同基因型核桃雄花营养品质及抗氧化活性分析[J].果树学报,2017,34(11):1394-1400,7.基金项目
贵州省高层次创新型人才培养项目[黔科合人才(2016)4038] （2016）
