果树学报2017，Vol.34Issue(11)：1435-1442,8.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20170139
上海郊区不同树龄葡萄园土壤养分特征研究
Soil nutrient characteristics in vineyards with different planting ages in the suburb of Shanghai
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] Grape is one of the four major fruits that planted in Shanghai and plays a very important role in agricultural production and economic outputs in this municipality.Soil nutrient status,a key factor that impacts grapevine growth and grape yield and quality,is generally governed by fertilizer management practices.The objective of this study is to explore the soil nutrient status and characteristics in vineyards in Shanghai suburb,which were still unknown.Vineyards with different planting ages were selected to analyze soil nutrient characteristics.The results will be helpful for formulating scientific fertilization in vineyards and for sustainable development of grape industry in Shanghai.[Methods] 67 vineyards in the suburb of Shanghai were selected for this study and classified into 3 groups based on their planting ages,i.e.1-5 year,6-10 year and ＞10 year.10 soil samples were collected in each vineyard at sites scattered in an "S" form.ASI (Agro Services International Inc.) analysis method developed by the International Agrochemical Service Center in Florida,was adopted to analyze the soil nutrient characteristics.Soil chemical properties and nutrient contents including soil organic matter (OM),soil pH and the availabilities of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,S,Fe,Cu,Mn,Zn and B were evaluated.The data were used to evaluate the impacts of different planting ages on soil nutrient characteristics.[Results] Soil OM content in vineyards decreased in the first 10 year planting period and increased after 10 year of cultivation,but no significant difference was observed among the vineyards in the 3 age groups.Soil available N increased in the first 10 year planting period,and then decreased after 10 year of cultivation.Soil available N in the 6-10 year vineyards was significantly higher than in the 1-5 year vineyards,but had no significant difference compared to vineyards ＞10 year.The average soil available N in vineyards of 1-5 year,6-10 year and ＞ 10 year vineyards was 75.41 mg· L-1,123.99 mg·L-1 and 71.49 mg· L-1,respectively.Soil available P and K both increased along with grape planting ages.The average soil available P in vineyards of 1-5 year,6-10 year and ＞10 year was 118.30 mg· L-1,114.13 mg· L-1 and 172.98 mg· L-1,respectively,while the average soil available K was 256.33 mg·L-1,325.31 mg·L-1 and 425.60 mg· L-1,respectively.The highest available P and K contents both appeared in the ＞10 year vineyards and was significantly higher than in the other 2 groups.The highest soil available Zn content was observed in ＞ 10 year vineyards with 20.00 mg·L-1.The highest soil available B appeared in 6-10 year vineyards with 2.75 mg· L-1.No significant differences were observed among different vineyards in the other soil nutrients (available Ca,Mg,S,Fe,Cu and Mn).Soil pH tended to decrease with grape planting ages,but no significant difference was observed among different planting ages.The average soil pH values in the 1-5 year,6-10 year and ＞10 year vineyards were 7.01,6.79 and 6.57,respectively,indicating soil acidification might have occurred in some vineyards after long term cultivation.[Conclusion] Significant impacts of planting age on soil available N,P,K,Zn and B contents were observed in this study.However,no clear correlation was observed between grape planting age and soil OM storage,soil pH and other soil micronutrients contents.After long term cultivation,the majority of soil nutrient contents in vineyards showed positive correlation with grape planting age,while soil pH was negatively correlated with grape planting age.The results indicate that planting age is a key factor that regulates soil nutrient characteristics in vineyards.According to the ASI analysis method and grading standard,most of the soil nutrients in vineyards in of Shanghai were at high or extra-high levels.Thus,the fertilizer application rates,especially those of P and K fertilizers should be reduced in the present vineyards in Shanghai suburb,which could enhance the utilization efficiency of the fertilizers and soil nutrients.In addition,more organic fertilizer should be applied to maintain sufficient soil OM storage.Scientific fertilization methods according to soil nutrient status could save a lot of agricultural production input and improve soil acidification conditions.关键词
葡萄园/树龄/土壤养分/施肥/ASI法Key words
Grape vineyards/Planting age/Soil nutrients/Fertilization/ASI analysis method分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
赵峥,褚长彬,周德平,吴淑杭..上海郊区不同树龄葡萄园土壤养分特征研究[J].果树学报,2017,34(11):1435-1442,8.基金项目
上海市果业产业技术体系建设项目(沪农科产2014第7号) （沪农科产2014第7号）
上海市科技兴农推广项目(沪农科推字2014第6-2号) （沪农科推字2014第6-2号）
上海市市级农口系统青年人才成长计划(沪农青字2017第1-20号) （沪农青字2017第1-20号）
