气象学报2017，Vol.75Issue(5)：757-770,14.DOI:10.11676/qxxb2017.058
三雷达、双雷达反演降雹超级单体风暴三维风场结构特征研究
Research on three-dimensional wind field structure characteristic of hail supercell storm by dual-and triple-Doppler radar retrieval
摘要
Abstract
Three-dimensional wind structure of supercell hailstorms is an important research topic.Based on the data of three weather radars (CINRAD/SA) deployed at Xiamen,Longyan,and Meizhou,the echo evolution,three-dimensional wind structure characteristics and distribution changes of related parameters during a hail storm occurred in the evening of April 8,2016 in southern Fujian (Zhangzhou) are examined by means of dual-and triple-Doppler radars retrievals in the kinetic Earth coordinate.The results are as follows.(1) In the initial and developing stages of the hailstorm system,horizontal circulation showed a cyclonic convergence in lower levels and strong ascending motions appeared inside the clouds.(2) In the mature stage of the hailstorm system,the echo top was up to 16 km.Reflectivity stronger than 60 dBz developed from 5.3 km to 9 km height,with the strongest echo reaching 74.5 dBz.A 25 km long three-body scatter spike and 32.7 km long side-lobe echoes appeared at thesame time.While the cyclonic circulation existed in lower levels,anti-cyclone appeared in high level.Strong updrafts with velocities larger than 20 m/s lasted for nearly 37 min between the heights of 4-8 km.The strongest updraft of 51.06 m/s occurred at 7.5 km height in the super-cell overhang.(3) Downdraft occurred during the period of hail falling.The three-dimensional flow structure of this supercell hailstorm showed that the cyclonic airflow in the front of storm ramped up to the top of storm,forming an anticyclonic circulation there,and then gradually descended,leading to the formation of downdrafts.(4) Systemic downdrafts appeared during the weakening period of the hailstorm system,and strong echo reached the ground.(5) Dual-and triple-Doppler radar could detect the meticulous structure of the supercell hailstorm.The results are helpful for better understanding the structure of hailstorms and improving the forecast ability.关键词
冰雹/超级单体/双雷达风场反演/三雷达风场反演/三维风场结构Key words
Hail/Super-cell/Dual-and triple-Doppler radar retrieval/Three-dimensional wind structure分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
韩颂雨,罗昌荣,魏鸣,黄美金,陈磊..三雷达、双雷达反演降雹超级单体风暴三维风场结构特征研究[J].气象学报,2017,75(5):757-770,14.基金项目
福建省气象局开放式气象科学研究基金项目(2016K05)、国家973项目(2013CB430102)、地理信息科学教育部重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(KLGIS2015A01)、国家自然科学基金项目(41305031、41675047). （2016K05）
