石油物探2017，Vol.56Issue(6)：792-797,811,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2017.06.003
模数转换方式对地震数据信噪比的影响分析
Effects of A/D converting on the SNR of seismic data
摘要
Abstract
The A/D (Analog/Digital) converter,which converts the analog electric signal to a digital signal,is one of the most important devices in a seismograph.The parameter design of an A/D converter is based on the recognition of the characteristics of signal and noise in seismic exploration.Based on the relationship between noise and a seismic acquisition system,such as a seismograph and geophone,this paper presents a new classification of noise,while calibrating the relationship between the intensity of different types of noise and the bits of an A/D converter.On that basis,the frequency spectra of simulation data from 32-fixed-bit,24-fixed-bit,and 15-floating-bit A/D converters were calculated in the absence and presence of noise.The results showed that the widely used 24-fixed-point A/D converter is suitable for current seismic acquisition,while the 32-fixed-point and 15-floating-point converters are not helpful for improving the SNR of seismic data.Expansion of the dynamic range for A/D converters will not significantly improve its ability to identify a weak reflection signal,unless noise suppression technology sufficiently progresses to attenuate noise by-30 to-40dB more than the existing level.关键词
A/D转换器/地震数据/信噪比/动态范围/环境噪声/电噪声Key words
A/D converter/seismic data/SNR/dynamic range/ambient noise/electrical noise分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
冯玉苹,魏继东,于富文..模数转换方式对地震数据信噪比的影响分析[J].石油物探,2017,56(6):792-797,811,7.基金项目
中国石化石油工程地球物理有限公司“高精度地震资料拓展频率方法研究”项目(2017-02-01)资助.This research is financially supported by "Expanding bandwidth of high precision data" from Geophysical Corporation,SINOPEC (Grant No.2017-02-01). （2017-02-01）
