应用生态学报2017，Vol.28Issue(11)：3581-3588,8.DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201711.026
长期氮磷钾肥配施对贵州黄壤玉米产量和土壤养分可持续性的影响
Effect of long-term application of NPK fertilizer on maize yield and yellow soil nutrients sustainability in Guizhou, China
摘要
Abstract
A long-term fertilization field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N),phosphorus (P),and potassium (K) fertilizer on maize relative yield,yield-increasing effect and the changes of nutrients in yellow soil in Guizhou Province.Five fertilizer combinations were evaluated,including balanced fertilization (NPK) and nutrient deficiency treatments (N,NK,NP,and PK).The maize relative yield,contribution efficiency of N,P,K fertilizer application,sustainability index of soil N,P,K nutrients,and other indicators were measured.The results revealed that the balanced fertilization (NPK) significantly increased maize yield,and the average yield under each treatment ranked as:NPK＞NP＞NK＞PK＞CK.The contribution efficiency and agronomic efficiency of N,P,K fertilizer application was N＞P＞K.The fertilization dependence was ranked as:combined application of N,P and K＞N＞P＞K.But in the lack of P treatment (NK),the maize relative yield significantly decreased at a speed of 1.4％ per year,with the contribution efficiency and fertilization dependence of applied P significantly increasing at a speed of 2.3％ per year and 1.4％ per year,respectively.Over time,the effect of P fertilizer on maize yield gradually became equal to that of N fertilizer.The pH and soil organic matter content were the lowest in the P lack treatment (NK),while they were higher in the N-lack treatment (PK).The application of chemical P significantly improved the sustainability index of soil P,but the application of chemical N and K did not significantly change the sustainability index of soil N and K nutrients compared to the N-and K-lack treatments,respectively.In summary,the use of balanced fertilizer application is critical for achieving high maize yield in typical yellow soil regions in Guizhou Province.P and N fertilizers are equally important for improving maize yield,and long-term application of unbalanced chemical fertilizer,especially the lack of P,would not benefit the sustainable use of nutrients in yellow soil.关键词
黄壤/长期氮磷钾肥配施/相对产量/土壤养分可持续性指数Key words
yellow soil/long-term application of NPK fertilizer/relative yield/sustainability index of soil nutrients引用本文复制引用
刘彦伶,李渝,张雅蓉,黄兴成,张文安,蒋太明..长期氮磷钾肥配施对贵州黄壤玉米产量和土壤养分可持续性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(11):3581-3588,8.基金项目
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(41461069)、贵州省科技计划项目([2017]2852)、贵州省农业科学院科技创新专项([2017]06)、贵州省科技厅省院联合基金项目([2015]7079)和贵州省农业科学院自主创新专项(2014007)资助 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41461069),the Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province([2017]2852),the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Guizhou Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences([2017] 06),the Union Fund of Guizhou([2015] 7079),and Independent Innovation Project of Guizhou Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2014007). （41461069）
