Abstract
Objective To evaluate the trend and equity of health resource distribution in primary healthcare institutions in China during 2012 to 2015,so as to provide an evidence for further studies and the formulation and enaction of related policies.Methods From China's Health Statistics Yearbook 2013,China's Health And Family Planning Statistical Yearbook 2014,China's Health And Family Planning Statistical Yearbook 2015,China's Health And Family Planning Statistical Yearbook 2016,we obtained the number of primary healthcare institutions,number of beds and number of primary healthcare providers in primary healthcare institutions in China from 2012 to 2015,and analyzed the status and trend of health resource distribution during the period,and explored its equity by using Gini coefficient and Theil index.Results From 2012 to 2015,the number of primary healthcare institutions,number of beds and primary healthcare providers in these institutions increased by 8 150,89 572 and 205 950 respectively,with an annual growth rate of 0.30％,2.21％ and 3.24％,respectively.From 2012 to 2015,the Gini coefficient for the distribution of primary healthcare institutions in China were 0.192,0.191,0.192,0.191,respectively;Theil index for the distribution of them respectively were 0.066 2,0.066 6,0.066 6,and 0.066 2;Intra-region contribution rate was found to be higher than inter-region contribution rate for Theil index in each year of this period (58.91％ vs 41.09％ in 2012,57.81％ vs 42.19％ in 2013,57.81％ vs 42.19％ in 2014,58.36％ vs 41.64％ in 2015).The Gini coefficient for the distribution of beds in primary healthcare institutions in China were 0.166,0.168,0.174,0.178,respectively during 2012 to 2015;Theil index for the distribution of them respectively were 0.054 8,0.057 1,0.061 1,and 0.063 1;Intra-region contribution rate was found to be higher than inter-region contribution rate for Theil index in each year of this period (53.55％ vs 46.45％ in 2012,52.79％ vs 47.21％ in 2013,51.32％ vs 48.68％ in 2014,52.12％ vs 47.88％ in 2015).The Gini coefficient for the distribution of the primary healthcare providers in primary healthcare institutions in China from 2012 to 2015 respectively were 0.089,0.096,0.091 and 0.090;Theil index for the distribution of them respectively were 0.013 2,0.014 9,0.013 1 and 0.013 0;Intra-region contribution rate was found to be higher than inter-region contribution rate for Theil index in each year of this period (86.20％ vs 13.80％ in 2012,78.73％ vs 21.27％ in 2013,77.60％ vs 22.40％ in 2014,73.99％ vs 26.01％ in 2015).Conclusion The equity of health resource distribution in primary healthcare institution in China during 2012-2015 was reasonable on the whole.The distribution equity of the number of primary healthcare providers was better than that of primary healthcare institutions and beds in these institutions.However,intra-region differences were greater than inter-region differences in the distribution equity of these three items.Therefore,priority should be given to the improvement of intra-region equity of health resource distribution in primary healthcare institutions.关键词
初级卫生保健/卫生保健公平提供/基尼系数/泰尔指数Key words
Primary health care/Health care rationing/Gini coefficient/Theil index分类
医药卫生
