中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(12)：1742-1751,10.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.170493
冬季施用鸡粪和生物炭对南方稻田土壤CO2与CH4排放的影响
Effect of chicken manure and biochar on CO2and CH4 emission in paddy fields in South China
摘要
Abstract
The application of biochar to enhance soil carbon sequestration in farmlands is an increasingly investigated research to reverse the effects of climate change.There is little report on the effect of adding manure in situ in combination with biochar application to winter paddy fields on CO2and CH4emissions during winter fallow and growth period of double rice. To fully use winter fallow paddy fields and determine how biochar and chicken manure affected the emission of CO2and CH4, four treatments were set up ― no fertilization (CK), chicken raised in the field and chicken manure addition (C), in situ chicken manure addition and biochar addition (CB), and biochar addition (B). The CO2and CH4fluxes and total emissions were de-termined in paddy fields using the chamber method along with Greenhouse Gas Analyzer during winter and the growth period of double cropping rice. The objective was to assess the effects of chicken manure in situ incorporation and biochar on soil carbon emission. The results showed that relationship between CO2flux under CK and B treatments and soil temperature at 5 cm soil depth fitted well the non-linear index model. Then CO2flux under C and CB treatments had no significant correlation with soil temperature at 5 cm soil depth, which meant that the in situ addition of chicken manure made it more sophisticated for soil to modulate CO2emission.The treatment of in situ addition of chicken manure significantly increased soil CO2emis-sion in winter paddy fields and during rice growth period with respective emissions of 9 935.39 kg·hm-2and 27 756.34 kg·hm-2, which was 58.7 times (P < 0.01) and 56% (P < 0.05) higher than that of CK. The cumulative CO2emissions in winter paddy fields and during rice growth period under biochar addition were 12.3 times (P < 0.01) and 41% (P < 0.05) higher than that of CK during in winter paddy fields and during rice growth period. The emissions of CH4in winter paddy fields and dur-ing rice growth period under treatment of in situ addition of chicken manure were significantly higher than that under other treatments, while it was not significantly changed in winter paddy fields and significantly decreased during rice growth period under biochar addition treatments.Chicken manure in situ application in combination with biochar treatment also significantly improved CO2emission of paddy soils.Cumulative CO2emission under chicken manure in situ application along with biochar addition in winter paddy fields was significantly higher than that under chicken manure in situ application. Also during rice growth period, it was significantly lower than that under chicken manure return. This suggested that biochar addition inhibited soil CO2emission in the late period. The addition of biochar decreased soil CH4emission in both winter paddy field and rice growth stage. In short, the addition of exogenous organic carbon like chicken manure to soils increased carbon emission (both CO2and CH4), while the addition of biochar to soils increased carbon emission in the short-term and decreased CH4emission. Therefore, from the longer time view, biochar application to soils was beneficial to soil carbon sequestration, and might miti-gate carbon emission caused by in situ application of chicken manure.关键词
冬闲稻田/养鸡/鸡粪/原位还田/生物碳/CO2排放/CH4排放Key words
Winter fallow paddy field/Raising chicken/Chicken manure/In situ application/Biochar/CO2 emission/CH4 emission分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
魏甲彬,成小琳,周玲红,徐华勤,唐启源,肖志祥,唐剑武,谭淑端..冬季施用鸡粪和生物炭对南方稻田土壤CO2与CH4排放的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(12):1742-1751,10.基金项目
国家水稻产业体系项目(CARS-01-30)、湖南省科技厅区域合作项目(2016WK2009)、国家自然科学基金(41571293, 31100382)和湖南省研究生创新科研项目(11451/510291000002)资助 This study was supported by the National Rice Industry System of China (CARS-01-30), the Regional Cooperation Project of Hunan Provin-cial Department of Science and Technology (2016WK2009), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41571293, 31100382) and Hunan Province Postgraduate Student Innovation Research Project (11451/510291000002). （CARS-01-30）
