生态环境学报2017，Vol.26Issue(11)：1829-1835,7.DOI:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2017.11.002
植被覆盖变化对衢江流域水文效应的影响
Hydrological Effects of Vegetation Cover Change in Qujiang Basin
摘要
Abstract
Changes of vegetation cover affect hydrological cycles and processes. This study was conducted in Qujiang Basin, which wasthe major tributary of the Qiantang River. Some information of vegetation, climate, soil, hydrology and map in Qujiang Basin were collected. SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was established in Qujiang Basin based on ArcGIS 10.3. SWAT-CUP software was used to evaluate parameters sensitivity, soil evaporation compensation factor, threshold water depth in the shallow aquifer for flow, baseflowα factor, threshold water depth in the shallow aquifer for "revap", ground water delay and available water capacity had higher sensitivity. The SWAT model was calibrated and verified by the monthly runoff data in Kaihua and Quzhou hydrographic stations from 2009 to 2014, and obtained the optimal model parameters for runoff simulation. The results showed that the simulated monthly runoff values of calibration and validation periods were good in accordance with actual values in Qujiang Basin, the correlation coefficient (r2) varied from 0.83 to 0.97, and the Nash coefficient (Ens) varied from 0.69 to 0.93. The analysis of the water balance in different vegetation cover scenarios showed that the surface runoff and water balance were less affected in the study area when dry farmland was converted into woodland. All the dry farmland and grassland were converted into woodland leading to a decrease (12.79 mm) in surface runoff and an increase (12.14 mm) in deep percolation. Slightly increase of economic forest area (about 5% of woodland was converted into economic forest) would not affect the surface runoff and water balance. While 10%~20% of woodland was converted into economic forest, the annual surface runoff was increased by 3.86~10.57 mm and the deep percolation was reduced by 4.61~16.46 mm. With the increase of the economic forest area, and hydrological processes would greatly change in this basin. Therefore, the development of the economic forest should be controlled at a moderate level, and the larger economic forest area would greatly increase surface runoff and reduce groundwater recharge, and weaken vegetation water conservation function. These results will be beneficial to understand the hydrological effects of vegetation cover change in Qujiang Basin, and provide a guide for forestry planning and development in mountain area.关键词
植被覆盖/SWAT模型/地表径流/水量平衡Key words
vegetation cover/SWAT model/surface runoff/water balance分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
成向荣,渠勇建,虞木奎,吴初平,袁位高..植被覆盖变化对衢江流域水文效应的影响[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(11):1829-1835,7.基金项目
浙江省中国林业科学研究院合作重点项目(2014SY01) （2014SY01）
