应用生态学报2017，Vol.28Issue(12)：3917-3925,9.DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201712.028
不同耕作方式对陇中旱农区春小麦和豌豆根系空间分布及产量的影响
Effects of tillage practices on root spatial distribution and yield of spring wheat and pea in the dry land farming areas of central Gansu, China
摘要
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to explore the mechanism of cultivation measures in affecting crop yield by investigating root distribution in spring wheat-pea rotation based on a long-term conservation tillage practices in a farming region of Gansu.The results showed that with the development of growth period,the total root length,root surface area of spring wheat and pea showed a consistent trend of increase after initial decrease and reached the maximum at flowering stage.Higher root distribution was found in the 0-10 cm soil layer at seedling and 10-30 cm soil layer at flowering and maturity stages in spring wheat,while in the field pea,higher root distribution was found in the 0-10 cm soil layer at seedling and maturity,and in the 10-30 cm soil layer at flowering stages.No tillage with straw mulching and plastic mulching increased the root length and root surface area.Compared with conventional tillage in spring wheat and field pea,root length increased by 35.9％ to 92.6％,and root surface area increased by 43.2％ to 162.4％,respectively.No tillage with straw mulching and plastic mulching optimized spring wheat and pea root system distribution,compared with conventional tillage,increased spring wheat and field pea root length and root surface area ratio at 0-10 cm depths at the seedling stage,the root distribution at deeper depths increased significantly at flowering and maturity stages,and no tillage with straw mulching increased root length and root surface area ratio by 3.3％ and 9.7％ respectively,in 30-80 cm soil layer at the flowering stage.The total root length,root surface area and yield had significantly positive correlation for spring wheat in each growth period,and the total root length and pea yield also had significant positive correlation.No tillage with straw mulching and plastic mulching boosted yield of spring wheat and pea by 23.4％-38.7％ compared with the conventional tillage,and the water use efficiency was increased by 13.7％-28.5％.It was concluded that no-till farming and straw mulching (plastic) could increase crop root length and root surface area,optimize the spatial distribution of roots in the soil,enhance crop root layer absorption ability,so as to improve crop yield and water utilization.关键词
耕作方式/根长/根表面积/产量Key words
tillage practice/root length/root surface area/yield引用本文复制引用
张明君,李玲玲,谢军红,彭正凯,任金虎..不同耕作方式对陇中旱农区春小麦和豌豆根系空间分布及产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(12):3917-3925,9.基金项目
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31460337,31660373,3171101272)和甘肃省教育厅项目(2017C-12)资助 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31460337,31660373,3171101272) and the project of the education department of Gansu Province (2017C-12). （31460337,31660373,3171101272）
