作物学报2018，Vol.44Issue(1)：115-125,11.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00115
常规氮肥与缓释氮肥配施对不同株距机插杂交稻磷素吸收、转运及分配特征的影响
Effects of Conventional Urea Combined with Slow-release Urea Application on Phosphorus Uptake, Translocation and Distribution in Mechanically Trans-planted Rice with Different Plant Spacings
摘要
Abstract
Spilt-plot design with plant spacing (16, 18, and 20 cm with 30 cm-row spacing, respectively) as main plot and slow-release urea application rate (36, 66, 96, and 126 kg ha–1) combined with 54 kg ha–1 of conventional urea as subplot was arranged. In the present study P accumulated amount of rice plant at the main growth stages, P absorption and P uptake rate during various growth stages, P translocation amount of stem-sheath, and the P translocation rate and P conversion rate of leaf at the grain-filling stage were significantly affected by the slow-release urea application rate. Ninety-six kg ha–1 of slow-release urea combined with 54 kg ha–1 of conventional urea significantly improved P uptake, translocation and redistribution under the plant spacing of 18 cm, which is a best cultural practices for mechanically transplanted rice with the highest yield of 11463.8 kg ha–1 in Southwest. A relatively high plant density (208.4 thousand plants per hectare) was established when the plant spacing was 16 cm. In addition, a higher total P accumulation amount of plant was achieved under 126 kg ha–1 of slow-release urea, resulting in im-proved P redistribution and high grain yield. The relatively lower plant density (166.7 thousand plants per hectare) was due to the larger plant spacing under the conditions of 20 cm-plant spacing and 126 kg ha–1 of slow-release urea. Although P accumulated amount decreased, P translocation from stem-sheath and leaf to panicle increased, resulting in increased P accumulation in panicle and grain yield. Furthermore, a relatively high correlation between P translocation amount (especially the P translocation amount of stem-sheath from heading stage to maturity stage) and grain yield (r = 0.72**) under a certain plant spacing combined with the slow-release urea, could be beneficial to improving grain yield.关键词
机插稻/株距/缓释氮肥/磷素吸收/转运及分配Key words
mechanically transplanted rice/plant spacing/slow-release urea/P uptake/translocation and distribution引用本文复制引用
王海月,马均,蒋明金,孙永健,郭长春,殷尧翥,何艳,严田蓉,杨志远,徐徽..常规氮肥与缓释氮肥配施对不同株距机插杂交稻磷素吸收、转运及分配特征的影响[J].作物学报,2018,44(1):115-125,11.基金项目
本研究由国家重点研发计划"粮食丰产增效科技创新"重点专项(2016YFD0300506), 国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B13), 四川省教育厅重点项目(16ZA0044)和四川省学术和技术带头人培养支持经费资助.This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300506), the National Science and Technology Project of Food Production of China (2013BAD07B13), Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Education Department (16ZA0044), and the Funding of Academic and Technical Leaders Cultivation of Sichuan Province. （2016YFD0300506）
