水利学报2017，Vol.48Issue(12)：1456-1464,9.DOI:10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20170758
与鱼道水力设计相关的草鱼幼鱼游泳行为特性研究
Study on swimming behavior of juvenile grass carp for the fish channel hydraulic design
摘要
Abstract
The swimming capability and swimming behavior of the juvenile grass carp(BL=5.0-16.0cm)were tested using self-made test chamber at 25±50.5℃.The results showed that the mean induction speed of the juvenile grass carp was 12.84 cm/s.The absolute burst swimming speed increases linearly with increasing body length,and in contrast,relative burst swimming speed decreases linearly with increasing body length.Burst swimming speed is about 1.05-1.28 times of critical swimming speed,and the longer the fish body,the greater the difference between critical speed and burst swimming speed.Effects of rapid changes in flow rate on swimming behavior of fish were analyzed.It is found that in the process of adapting to the change of flow rate,downstream,countercurrent static,counter dash and countercurrent retreat four kinds of swimming behavior interspersed with each other.The entire testing process can consist of four stages.Proposed when the fishway passes through the object are the grass carp,the maximum flow rate of the main flow of the pool should not exceed the maximum flow rate of the first stage (burst speed of juvenile grass carp 52％-60％),for high-speed areas such as vertical joints,orifices,the optimum flow rate should not be higher than the maximum velocity of the second stage (burst speed of juvenile grass carp 52％-60％),must not exceed the maximum velocity of the third stage (burst speed of 90％-96％).The research results complement the swimming capability gaps of the four major chinese carps,and provide an important reference for the hydraulic design of the fish way.关键词
鱼道水力学/鱼类游泳能力/感应流速/突进游泳速度/临界游泳速度Key words
fishway/swimming capability/the induction speed/burst swimming speed/critical swimming speed分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
曹平,穆祥鹏,白音包力皋,王秀英,陈云飞..与鱼道水力设计相关的草鱼幼鱼游泳行为特性研究[J].水利学报,2017,48(12):1456-1464,9.基金项目
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFC0502207) （2016YFC0502207）
中国水科院科研专项(HY0145B372016) （HY0145B372016）
