干旱地区农业研究2017，Vol.35Issue(6)：159-165,7.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2017.06.24
陕西省农田化肥投入过量与不足的研究
Study on the excessive and insufficient of chemical fertilizer inputs on farmland in Shaanxi Province
摘要
Abstract
In order to understand the current status of chemical fertilization on farmlands,including wheat,maize, potato,rape,rice and apple,the household survey data from 69 counties in the project"soil testing and formulated fer-tilization in 2006—2011"were analyzed.The results show that in Shaanxi Province nitrogen fertilizer inputs were exces-sive,especially for the tree major crops of wheat,maize and apple,with the proportion of the households fertilized being as high as 68.42%,63.25% and 72.30% respectively.The excessive amount of N inputs was 257.6 thousand tons, with the annual emissions of CO2up to 3.3102 million tons at the province level.In addition,nitrogen fertilizer inputs phenomenon of excessive and insufficient existed at the same time for potato,rape and rice,and the excessive level were 26.88%,15.22% and 22.60% respectively and the insufficient level 33.76%,46.23% and 29.36% respectively for the three crops.The same as nitrogen inputs,phosphate fertilizer inputs phenomenon of excessive and insufficient also existed at the same time,and the excessive amount of P2O5inputs was 93.2 thousand tons for the whole province every year.For wheat,maize,potato,rape,rice and apple,the proportion of the households fertilized with excessive level of P2O5inputs were 41.00%,30.79%,25.03%,26.24%,11.18% and 50.02% respectively,and the proportion of the households fertilized with insufficient level of P2O5inputs were 38.09%,58.76%,14.87%,46.16%,46.46%and 29.81% respectively.A potassium fertilizer input was far from sufficient,and there was more than 60.00% house-holds using insufficient K2O for the whole province.Moreover,the yields of all main crops could be increased when the fertilization rate is at a rational level,especially for P2O5and K2O.In order for food safety and environmental protection, balance fertilization of nitrogen,phosphate,and potassium is indispensible.关键词
农田/化肥/施肥量/评价/陕西省Key words
cropland/chemical fertilization/fertilizing amount/evaluation/Shaanxi Province分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王小英,陈占飞,胡凡,同延安..陕西省农田化肥投入过量与不足的研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(6):159-165,7.基金项目
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103003) （农业）
十二五国家科技支撑计划"西部水土流失和瘠薄干旱中低产田改良技术集成示范"支助项目(2012BAD05B03) （2012BAD05B03）
高等学校学科创新引智计划(B12007) （B12007）
