气象2017，Vol.43Issue(4)：477-485,9.DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2017.04.010
2016年全球重大天气气候事件及其成因
Global Major Weather and Climate Events in 2016 and the Possible Causes
摘要
Abstract
The year 2016 is the hottest year on the world record.The surface temperature is 1.1℃ above those of the pre-industrial with the major greenhouse gas concentrations continuing to rise.Under the impact of global warming,Arctic sea ice remained at very low levels and there was significant melting of continental ice on Greenland and Antarctic.Warming also affected the oceans,resulting in global sea level rising and the changes of marine environment.Droughts continued into early 2016,causing food and water crisis in numerous parts of the world.Various kinds of extreme climate events occurred frequently and caused serious social and economic losses worldwide.This paper summarizes the major events and the impact in 2016,and analyses the main causes of typical events including the flood disasters in the Yangtze River Basin in China and the heat wave during summer in the United States.Analysis shows that the westward extension and enhancement of West Pacific subtropical high led to the transport of warm and moist air flows from low latitude to the Yangtze River Basin,while the upper trough in Northeastern Asia brought the cold air southward.The interaction of the warm and cold air masses led to the extremely heavy rainfalls and severe floods in China.The stagnation and stability of North America subtropical high and the weakening condition of water vapor transport are the main cause for the summer heat wave in the United States.关键词
表面温度/降水量/厄尔尼诺/极端事件/天气气候/气象灾害Key words
surface temperature/precipitation/El Ni(n)o, extreme events/weather and climate/meteorological disaster分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
孙劭,李多,刘绿柳,王遵娅,尹宜舟..2016年全球重大天气气候事件及其成因[J].气象,2017,43(4):477-485,9.基金项目
公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201506002)和中国气象局气候研究开放实验室青年基金项目(2017年度)共同资助 （气象）
