水利水电技术2017，Vol.48Issue(12)：27-33,7.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2017.12.005
北京市产业部门用水效率研究
Study on water-use efficiencies of industrial sectors in Beijing
摘要
Abstract
By taking Beijing-a megacity with serious water shortage as the study case,the mixed value-entity model of inputoutput of water resources and the model of contributions from water-use efficiencies of industrial sectors are established on the basis of the direct calculation method and input-output analysis,and then the contributions from the water-use efficiencies of all the industrial sectors and the changes of the efficiency as well as the structural changes of the industrial sectors on the increase of the total water-use efficiency from 2010 to 2015 are estimated.The study result shows that (1) The direct water-use efficiencies of the primary and secondary industries are largely increased along with the decrease of the direct water-use efficiency of the tertiary industry.Among 40 subdivided industrial sectors,the water-use efficiencies of 15 industrial sectors are decreased (account for 37.5％).(2) The total water-use efficiency of the thrice industries is increased somewhat,while the total water-use efficiency of 17 ones among the 40 industrial sectors is decreased.(3) The contribution rates from the structural changes of the thrice industrial sectors are larger than the increases of the contributions from their water-used efficiencies,in which the contribution rates from the structural changes of 23 industrial sectors are larger than those from the water-use efficiencies.(4) The water-use efficiencies of the sectors,i.e.accommodation and catering service,real estate,education,public health and social work,are the lowest among 13 subdivided sectors within the tertiary industry,for which the proportions of the water consumption of 2010 and 2015 are 58.48％ and 59.22％ of the total water consumption of the tertiary industry along with the proportions of the sums of the added value of ten thousands yuan of 19.9％ and 18.84％ of the total of the tertiary industry respectively.The policy suggestion is obtained from the analysis that (1) On the basis of defining urban function positioning and continuously optimizing industrial structures,the agricultural water-use efficiency must be continuously enhanced along with decreasing the total water consumption of agriculture.(2) The re-utilization rate of industrial water-use must be enhanced along with decreasing the total consumption of the industrial water-use.(3) The increasing speed of the total water-use of the service industrial sector must be decrease along with enhancing the water-use efficiencies of those key water-use controlled industrial sectors through enlarging the supervision and management of the water-use and enhancing the water-saving awareness of the service industrial sector.The study further reveals those industrial sectors with water-saving potential,thus provides a decision-making basis for implementing the most stringent water resource management and enhancing the water-use efficiency.关键词
直接用水效率/完全用水效率/价值型—实物型混合性投入产出模型/用水效率贡献模型Key words
direct water-use efficiency/total water use efficiency/mixed value-entity model of input-output of water resources/model of contribution from water-use efficiency分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
马东春,刘建翠,王宏伟,王凤春,欧阳志云..北京市产业部门用水效率研究[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(12):27-33,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(G031202) （G031202）
