心理学报2018，Vol.50Issue(1)：28-35,8.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2018.00028
自我相关信息对视觉搜索主动抑制的易化作用
Self association facilitates attentional inhibition in human visual search
李杨卓 1钱浩悦 1朱敏 2高湘萍1
作者信息
- 1. 上海师范大学教育学院心理系, 上海 200234
- 2. 南京工业大学法学院, 南京 211800
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
The stimuli newly associated with the self are apt to gain perceptual saliency and display advantages in attentional attraction. Another line of studies demonstrated that perceptual saliency could facilitate active suppression through a top-down control. Therefore, we hypothesize that, if the WM feature is to be suppressed voluntarily, self-associated stimuli was more easily inhibited compared with other information in the visual search task. In current study, participants first completed an associating learning task to form four pairs of color-label links (e.g., green-self, blue-stranger, red and yellow-neutral). Then, they took a Working Memory-guided visual search task in which they needed to search a target shape among several items. Before searching, participants were asked to memorize a specific color, which was one of the four colors used in the learning task. They were informed that items with this cue color were distractors in the search task. After the search task, participants were asked to recall the memorized cue color. The results showed the RTs of the search task were significantly shorter when the informed distracter color was self-associated compared with when the color was stranger-associated or neutral, no significant difference in searching time between stranger-associated color and neural color condition. Analyses of search accuracy and memory accuracy also revealed no significant difference across conditions. These results conformed the facilitation of search performance when the known distracters were in previously link to self, participants could inhibit the distracters more easily and search target more rapidly. To summarize, although valuable objects such as self-relevant information are attractive in nature, people often encounter situations where they would prefer to aviod such distraction while focusing on the task goal. The present study confirmed our hypothesis that the self-associated information was actively suppressed more easily and thus enhanced participants' performance in visual research. These findings demonstrate a flexible role of learned self association on cognitive control.关键词
自我联结/知觉凸显性/视觉搜索/主动抑制Key words
self-related process/visual search/attention/active inhibition分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
李杨卓,钱浩悦,朱敏,高湘萍..自我相关信息对视觉搜索主动抑制的易化作用[J].心理学报,2018,50(1):28-35,8.
