中国水产科学2018，Vol.25Issue(1)：137-146,10.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2018.17117
慢性氨氮胁迫对刺参摄食与消化酶活性的影响
Effects of chronic ammonia nitrogen stress on the feeding and diges-tive enzyme activities of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicas Selenka)
摘要
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chronic ammonia nitrogen (N) stress (concentration gradient: 0 mg/L, 2 mg/L, 4 mg/L, 6 mg/L, 8 mg/L, 10 mg/L) on the feeding and activities of three types of diges-tive enzymes (protease, amylase, lipase) in sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicas Selenka) of three different sizes (initial body weights: 15.13±0.02 g, 28.42±0.32 g, and 60.14±0.88 g) over a 14-day period. The results ob-tained were as follows. (1) With an increase in ammonia-N level, the survival and growth of sea cucumbers were significantly different from those in the control group. When the ammonia-N level was higher than 2 mg/L, the final body weight and specific growth rate of sea cucumbers show a marked downward trend with an increase in ammonia concentration. As the ammonia-N level increased to 8 and 10 mg/L, all sea cucumbers of the three dif-ferent sizes appeared evisceration, with skin ulceration until death. When the ammonia-N level was 10 mg/L, the survival rate of medium-sized sea cucumbers reached 81.3%, the lowest among the three sizes. (2) When the ammo-nia-N level was lower than 10 mg/L, the effect of ammonia-N stress on the feeding rate of sea cucumbers of all three weights was not significant (P>0.05), whereas the food conversion efficiency of all the experimental groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). (3) There were significant differences in the di-gestive enzyme activities of the three-sized sea cucumbers under the stress of ammonia-N. With an increase in ammonia concentration, protease activities decreased. When the ammonia-N level was 8 mg/L and 10 mg/L, the protease activities of all the experimental groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). With an increase in ammonia concentration, the activities of lipase and amylase initially increased and then de-creased, peaking at 2 mg/L. When the ammonia-N level was 6 mg/L, the amylase activity of the small-sized sea cucumbers decreased to 0.30 U/mg protein, which was significantly different from the control group (P<0.05). When the ammonia-N level was from 6 mg/L to 8 mg/L, the activity of lipase in the three-sized sea cucumbers was markedly affected, being significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Under the same ammonia concentration, the activities of digestive enzymes in the medium-sized sea cucumbers were significantly higher than those in the other sizes. These results indicate that ammonia-N stress can affect the feeding and digestive en-zyme activities of sea cucumbers. Therefore, in the process of sea cucumber breeding, particularly in large-scale seed culture, it is preferable to control the concentration of ammonia-N in the water environment to within 4 mg/L.关键词
刺参/氨氮胁迫/蛋白酶/淀粉酶/脂肪酶Key words
Apostichopus japonicus/ammonia nitrogen stress/protease/amylase/lipase分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
胡炜,赵斌,李成林,韩莎,张少春..慢性氨氮胁迫对刺参摄食与消化酶活性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2018,25(1):137-146,10.基金项目
山东省科技发展计划项目(2014GNC111022) （2014GNC111022）
山东省农业良种工程项目(2014-2018) （2014-2018）
山东省现代农业产业技术体系刺参产业创新团队建设项目(SDAIT-22-01, SDAIT-22-05) （SDAIT-22-01, SDAIT-22-05）
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2014CQ056) （ZR2014CQ056）
山东省星火科技示范项目(2015XH006). （2015XH006）
