中国农业科学2018，Vol.51Issue(1)：60-70,11.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.01.006
出苗期遇雨对不同播种方式棉花出苗及产量的影响
Effects of Rainfall at Emergence on Stand Establishment and Yield of Cotton Under Different Seeding Patterns
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] Plastic mulching after seeding followed by artificial freeing of seedlings from mulching at full emergence (seeding before mulching,SBM) is widely adopted in the Yellow River valley,but it is labor-intensive and costly.Plastic mulching in advance and seeding on plastic film (seeding after mulching,SAM) can remove the process of seedling freeing and has been widely applied in the drought northwest inland,but it is still unclear if it can be applied in the Yellow River valley and whether the cotton emergence rate and stand establishment will be reduced in case of rain.The objective of this study is to determine the effects of rainfall at emergence on stand establishment and yield of cotton in relation to different seeding patterns,most importantly,is to determine an easy and light planting pattern with good stand establishment and less labor consumption.[Method] A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of rainfall and seeding patterns on stand establishment,leaf area index,yield and yield components.A split-plot design with three replicates was used for the study.The main plots comprised two simulated rainfalls (0 mm and 10 mm),while seeding patterns including seeding without mulching (SWM),SBM,SAM and seeding under double mulching (SDM) constituted the subplots.[Result] Significant interaction was detected between rainfall and seeding pattern on emergence rate,dry matter accumulation,leaf area index,boll density and cotton yield.Without rainfall,emergence rate,dry matter,leaf area index,boll density and yield of SAM and SDM were similar to those of SBM,but those of SWM were reduced by 13.6％,19.0％,13.3％,24.7％ and 27.7％ relative to SBM,respectively;Under 10 mm rainfall,these parameters were decreased by 32.2％,43.1％,26.3％,25.8％ and 29.2％ for SAM,respectively,42.8％,55.8％,47.2％,35.0％ and 40.1％ for SWM,respectively,relative to SBM,but all the parameters of SDM were similar to those of SBM.[Conclusion] SAM reduced stand establishment and cotton yield relative to SBM under 10 mm rainfall,but SDW exhibited comparable stand establishment and yield to SBM regardless of rainfall.Therefore,choosing a suitable seeding pattern is an important way to guarantee full stand establishment and high yield in terms of local ecological conditions,especially the rainfall probability.关键词
棉花/降雨/播种方式/出苗/产量Key words
cotton/rainfall/seeding patterns/stand establishment/yield引用本文复制引用
卢合全,辛承松,董合忠,代建龙,李振怀,李维江,徐士振,唐薇,张冬梅,孔祥强,罗振..出苗期遇雨对不同播种方式棉花出苗及产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(1):60-70,11.基金项目
国家农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-18-21)、山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-07-011-05)、泰山学者攀登计划(Tspd20150213)、山东省重点研发计划(2015GNC110001)、山东省农业良种工程(2014-棉花)、山东省农业科学院科技创新工程(CXGC2016B05) （CARS-18-21）
