中国生态农业学报2018，Vol.26Issue(2)：167-174,8.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.171117
华北平原农田温室气体排放与减排综述
Review on greenhouse gas emission and reduction in wheat-maize double cropping system in the North China Plain
摘要
Abstract
The winter-wheat and summer-maize double cropping system in the North China Plain (NCP) is the classic intensive crop production pattern with high water demand and nitrogen fertilizer inputs. The carbon (C) emission quantities are higher than the carbon sequestration quantities in the cropping system. C was being lost from the intensive wheat-maize double crop-ping system in the NCP at a rate of 77 g(C)·m-2·a-1when harvest removals are considered, even though crop residue C is input into the soil since 30 years ago. High nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rate [>400 g(N)·hm-2·a-1] results in the increase of C emissions directly. Yield-scaled N2O emission is lowest at N application rate of 136 g(N)·hm-2·a-1. And it is found that maxi-mal crop yield is achieved at a N application rate of 317 g(N)·hm-2·a-1, which is 20% less than current practice. More than 90% of the annual cumulative greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes originated at soil depths shallower than 90 cm. The subsoil (>90 cm) is not a major source or sink of GHG, but it acts as a 'reservoir'. Considering the synthetic greenhouse effect, some measures of green-house gas reductions were put forward in papers such as reductions of fertilizer input and water supply and improving farming sys-tem (tillage reduction or zero tillage). Furthermore C reduction needs to be in step with C sequestration. In the future, studies on greenhouse gas emissions in NCP require to be further strengthened in the following aspects: 1) in-situ continuous online monitoring of canopy scale greenhouse gases, and using stable isotope techniques to track their sources and proportions; 2) in soil profile, using stable isotope techniques to study the sources and proportions of greenhouse gases, and exploring the re-sponding mechanism between greenhouse gas production/consumption in soil profile and their emissions at soil surface is fairly crucial; 3) using models to estimate greenhouse gas emissions of soil-atmosphere continuum.关键词
华北平原/农田生态系统/小麦-玉米轮作体系/温室气体/排放与减排/调控措施Key words
North China Plain/Agroecosystem/Wheat-maize double cropping system/Greenhouse gas/Emission and emis-sion reduction/Control measures分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
王玉英,李晓欣,董文旭,张玉铭,秦树平,胡春胜..华北平原农田温室气体排放与减排综述[J].中国生态农业学报,2018,26(2):167-174,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(41473021,41530859和41571291)资助This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41473021,41530859 and 41571291). （41473021,41530859和41571291）
