山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）2018，Vol.38Issue(2)：1-8,8.DOI:10.13842/j.cnki.issn1671-8151.201712031
地膜覆盖种植方式的土壤水效应及对春油菜生长的影响
Effects of different plastic-film mulching technologies and planting patterns on both soil water and growth of spring rapeseed
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The objective of present study was to understand the effects of different plastic-film mulching technolo-gies and planting patterns on both soil moisture,and growth of spring rapeseed.[Methods]The field trials were set up by selecting six different planting and mulching combinations,which were hole sowing with the flat white plastic-film mulching (BPX),hole sowing with the flat black plastic-film mulching(HPX),furrow sowing with ridge planting white plastic-film mulching(BWG),sowing with ridge planting black plastic-film mulching(HWG),furrow sowing with black plastic-film-covered ridges(HCG),and open ground drilling which served as control.Plots were designed using randomized block test method.Qingza 5,Brassica Napus,was chosen as plant material.The impact of different treating combinations on the soil moisture and the growth of plants were measured at different plant growth stages..[Results]Studies showed that the soil moisture at different growth stages of rapeseed plants in all five treated fields were increased compared to control group with the greatest soil moisture increase detected at both squaring stage and beginning-flower stage of rapeseed at 2.51% and 3.37%,respectively.Soil moisture was increased in all different soil depth of all treated fields,while higher soil moisture was detected in the black film mulching fields compared to ones using white film..Both seedling stage and reproductive stage of spring rapeseeds were brought forward by using plastic film mulching planting pattern,and the mature period was extend-ed too.The total plant developmental period was increased by 6 to 8 days with plastic film mulching planting pattern com-pared to CK,and produced a positive impact of film mulching patterns on the yield and economic characters of rapeseeds. For example,some major parameters of plants development,such as branches height,the number of effective branches, whole plant pod number,pod length,thousand seed weight and seed yield per plant of spring rapeseed treated with BPX were increased,and hectare yield of rapeseed was increased by 21.27%.When plants were treated with HPX,seed yield was increased significantly by 16.25%,while it was decreased by 15.53%,3.82% and 2.87% when plants were treated with HWG,HCG,and BWG,respectively.The correlation analysis showed that plastic film mulching planting pattern pro-duced greater seed yield of spring rapes by increasing the number of total effective pods and reducing the percentage of total grain number of plants.Clustering analysis showed that BPX and HPX can be applied to spring rapeseeds located within the field determined by Euclidean distance 31.10..[Conclusion]Spring rapeseed planted in Hexi corridor,Gansu province,can be treated with BPX to produce the yield increase above 20%.关键词
春油菜/地膜覆盖/种植方式/水效应/生长/相关性/聚类分析Key words
Spring rapeseed/Plastic-film mulching/Planting pattern/Soil water/Growth/Association analysis/Cluster analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
曾秀存,陈其鲜,许耀照,宋雄儒,范宏伟..地膜覆盖种植方式的土壤水效应及对春油菜生长的影响[J].山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2018,38(2):1-8,8.基金项目
甘肃省农业厅资助项目"春油菜区域增产模式攻关新技术推广"(GNKJ-2013-7) （GNKJ-2013-7）
甘肃省第十三批"西部之光"访问学者计划资助(201609) （201609）
陇原青年创新人才扶持计划"高海拔区甘蓝型高产双低春油菜新品种引进及配套栽培技术研究与示范"(201411). （201411）
