生态学报2018，Vol.38Issue(3)：926-933,8.DOI:10.5846/stxb201611022231
苏北地区丹顶鹤越冬种群数量及栖息地分布动态变化
Dynamic changes in population size and habitat distribution of wintering red-crowned crane in northern Jiangsu Province
摘要
Abstract
The red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis),a globally endangered species,is under first-grade state protection in China.There are about 3050 individuals of wild red-crowned crane in the world.Recently,the western flyway subpopulation of red-crowned crane has sharply decreased.Previous studies have primarily focused on population size,distribution and habitat selection of red-crowned crane,and several studies have further examined the effects of human disturbance on these factors.However,the majority of such studies concentrated on the coastal regions of Yancheng,Jiangsu Province,over short time;few studies focus on historical tracking of wintering red-crowned crane populations and wintering behaviors over long time.Using trace data and land-use data available over a comparatively long period,the study systematically analyzed the dynamic changes in population size and habitats distribution of wintering red-crowned crane since 1982.Thus the study reveals the effects of land use changes to the wintering habitats of the red-crowned crane.These results can include three conclusions.First,the population of wintering red-crowned crane has changed substantially from 1982 to 2015;the current population size is 50％ lower than that recorded in the 1990s.Second,the range of wintering habitats has gradually reduced,and the remaining habitats have been severely fragmented.The red-crowned crane prefers various types of wetlands in winter.During the 1980s,the red-crowned crane was widely distributed in the northern Jiangsu,particularly in the swamps around island lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,as well as in the coastal wetlands of Jiangsu.Over following decades,wintering habitats gradually shifted to coastal areas,primarily distributed in Sheyang County,Yancheng.However,with increasing development of the coastal economy at the beginning of the twenty-first century,wintering habitats in coastal areas were further reduced and fragmented.At present,wintering red-crowned cranes are concentrated in the central area of the Yancheng National Nature Reserve.Third,according to the Pearson correlation analysis,the habitat distribution points of wintering red-crowned crane are significantly related with the land use types and the socio-economic development.The rapid development of the Chinese economy,accompanied by the rapid expansion of land use for construction and industry directly decreased the area of habitat of wintering red-crowned crane.Additionally,changes in the distribution and intensity of land use and human disturbance caused existing habitats to be fragmented,reducing their suitability for use as of wintering habitats by red-crowned crane.关键词
景观生态/丹顶鹤/种群数量/栖息地分布/动态变化Key words
landscape ecology/red-crowned crane/population size/habitat types/dynamic change引用本文复制引用
刘伶,刘红玉,李玉凤,王娟,谢富赋..苏北地区丹顶鹤越冬种群数量及栖息地分布动态变化[J].生态学报,2018,38(3):926-933,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31570459,41401205) （31570459,41401205）
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20140921) （BK20140921）
江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(15KJA70002) （15KJA70002）
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD) （PAPD）
