地质论评2017，Vol.63Issue(6)：1549-1562,14.DOI:10.16509/j.georeview.2017.06.010
盐湖生物发育特征及其烃源意义
Development Characteristics of Biologies in Saline Lake Environments and Their Implications for Hydrocarbon Source
摘要
Abstract
Saline lakes of continental environments host many giant oil and gas fields.However,the biologies within these environments have not been well constrained due to the complexity and speciality,which are important scientific issues in the fields of petroleum geochemistry and lacustrine sedimentology.To better understand these issues,this paper reviews the development characteristics of biology in saline lacustrine facies and discusses their implications for hydrocarbon source.Results show that the salinelakes are not the traditionally-thought "biological deserts".Instead,along with the increase of salinity,biological species decrease but the biomass does not reduce,and thus saline lakes can have high productivities,further forming high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks.Composition of the biological system in saline lakes is rather complex,including higher plants,algae,hypoxia photosynthetic bacteria,anaerobic autotrophic bacteria,vertebrates,invertebrates,and archaea.Moreover,the organisms in saline lakes are not uniform but hierarchically distributed,and salt tolerances of species are different.Biomarkers and their quantitative relationships of saline lacustrineorganisms have implications for the environments.The change of the organisms and the salinity influence the production,destruction and dilution related to the abundance of organic matter in source rocks,which further hasgeological significance on petroleum formation.In the future,there are still many scientific issues to be further studied,such as the species and quantity of saline lacustrine organisms,the proportion of contribution to hydrocarbon generation for each species,the influencing mechanisms of the amount of biological production,destruction and dilution,hydrocarbon generation model and mechanism,and the formation mechanism of saline lakes.关键词
盐湖/咸化湖盆/烃源岩成烃生物/水体分层/耐盐度/生物标记物Key words
saline lake/salinization lake/bioprecursor of source rock/delamination of water body/tolerance of salinity/biomarker.引用本文复制引用
夏刘文,曹剑,徐田武,王婷婷,张云献,边立曾,姚素平..盐湖生物发育特征及其烃源意义[J].地质论评,2017,63(6):1549-1562,14.基金项目
本文为国家油气重大专项(编号:2016ZX05006-004)和国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:41472100和41322017)的成果.This study was financially supported by the National Petroleum Major Project (No.2016ZX05006-004) and the Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41472100 and No.41322017). （编号:2016ZX05006-004）
