干旱地区农业研究2018，Vol.36Issue(1)：186-193,8.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.01.28
耕作模式与氮肥运筹对土壤主要理化性状及作物产量的影响
Effects of tillage and nitrogen fertilization regimes on main physicochemical properties of soil and crop yield
摘要
Abstract
The effects of various tillage practices(including deep tillage and rotary tillage in wheat field,no tillage in maize field)and different nitrogen fertilization(including the rate and method of nitrogen application)on annual varia-tion of soil physical characteristics and crop yield were investigated,by field experiments including fluvo -aquic soil and lime concretion black soil under the condition of winter wheat -summer maize rotation cropping system at the same time. Aikang 58(wheat)and Zhengdan 958(maize)were used as the test materials.The results showed that deep tillage de-creased the soil bulk density whereas increased the soil porosity and field moisture in 20~40 cm soil layer significantly, and the annual crop yield were increased by 4.30% and 2.63% in both experiments of deep tillage compare to the rotary tillage.Soil total nitrogen and alkali -hydrolyzable nitrogen were with the increase in nitrogen application rate.Soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzable N increased with the increase in base fertilizer application,and they increased with the increase in nitrogen topdressing rate.Considering the economic benefit,we suggest that deep tillage in winter wheat field and no tillage in summer maize field is the most appropriate tillage methods in both experiments.Nitrogen application rate of 300 kg/hm-2and the ratio of base to jointing topdressing as 1:1 in winter wheat and Nitrogen application rate of 240 kg·hm-2and the ratio of base to jointing topdressing to bell stage as 2:1:1 in summer maize was the optimal nitrogen ap-plication model in fluvo -aquic soil.And nitrogen application rate of 240 kg·hm-2as the base fertilizer in winter wheat and nitrogen application rate of 180 kg·hm-2and the ratio of base to jointing topdressing as 3:1 in summer maize was the optimal nitrogen fertilization model in lime concretion black soil.关键词
耕作模式/氮肥运筹/潮土/砂姜黑土/土壤理化性状/作物产量Key words
soil tillage patterns/nitrogen fertilizer application regimes/physical&chemical properties/crop yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张玉娥,杨习文,王勇,周宏美,杜聪阳,贺德先..耕作模式与氮肥运筹对土壤主要理化性状及作物产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(1):186-193,8.基金项目
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD07B07-4) （2013BAD07B07-4）
河南省重点实验室项目(132300413207) （132300413207）
旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室开发课题资助计划(CSBAA2016013) （CSBAA2016013）
