中国生态农业学报2018，Vol.26Issue(3)：338-346,9.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.170662
除草剂对不同种植年限柑橘园土壤氮转化过程及温室气体排放的影响
Effects of herbicides on urea nitrogen transformation and greenhouse gas emission of soil in citrus orchards with different planting years
摘要
Abstract
Soil microbes significantly influence the transformation and fate of nitrogen in soils by participating in the biology and biochemistry processes of soil nitrogen cycle. Research has shown that herbicides inhibit non-target soil microbes and the related biochemical processes. Therefore, herbicides have significant effects on plant uptake and utilization of nitrogen and its release from soil into the environment. This experiment aimed to explore the effects of herbicides on the transformation of urea nitrogen and greenhouse gas emissions in soils planted with citrus orchards for different years. It was important to evalu-ate the environmental safety of herbicides and nitrogen application in orchard soils. Thus a 2-factor, 3-level complete block design experiment [with herbicide factors of no herbicide, glyphosate of 10 mg·kg-1a.i. and butachlor of 10 mg·kg-1a.i.; and planting year factors of 0-year (woodland), 10-year and 30-year citrus orchard] was conducted under laboratory conditions with 200 mg(N)·kg-1(dry soil) urea applied in each treatment. The results showed that urea hydrolysis rate, nitrification rate, denitrification loss and greenhouse gas emission of citrus orchard (10 and 30 years) were higher than those of the woodland (P <0.05). Compared with woodland, the 10-year and 30-year citrus orchards increased soil total denitrification loss by 5.12 and 4.30 times, total N2O emission by 7.80 and 2.74 times, and total CO2emission by 19.62% and 39.64%, respectively. Soil urea hydrolysis rate, nitrification rate and CO2emission in the 30-year citrus orchard were significantly greater than those in the 10-year citrus orchard. Compared with the 10-year citrus orchard soil, total CO2emission increased by 16.74%, but total deni-trification loss was no significantly different in the 30-year citrus orchard soil. Glyphosate and butachlor significantly boosted urea hydrolysis in woodland soil, but had no effect on nitrification in the 30-year citrus orchard soil. Butachlor had significant negative effect on woodland CO2emission, but showed no effect on citrus orchard soil. Compared with the zero herbicide treatment, butachlor significantly (P < 0.05) boosted N2O emission, respectively by 56.27% and 85.41% in the 10-year and 30-year citrus orchard soils. Glyphosate had no effect on soil total CO2and N2O emission in soils under the three treatments of citrus planting year. Herbicides glyphosate and butachlor had no significant effect on nitrogen transformation in citrus orchard soils, but butachlor significantly boosted N2O emission in citrus orchard soils.关键词
丁草胺/草甘膦/氮肥/橘园土壤/氮转化/温室气体Key words
Butachlor/Glyphosate/Nitrogen fertilizer/Citrus orchard soil/Nitrogen transformation/Greenhouse gas分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郑祥洲,王亚萨,张玉树,张晶,丁洪..除草剂对不同种植年限柑橘园土壤氮转化过程及温室气体排放的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2018,26(3):338-346,9.基金项目
福建省自然科学基金项目(2015J01111,2015J01159)、国家自然科学基金项目(31270556)、福建省公益类科研院所专项(2016R1021-4)和福建省农业科学院创新团队项目(STIT2017-1-9)资助This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2015J01111,2015J01159),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31270556),the Special Fund for Public Welfare Research Institute of Fujian Province(2016R1021-4)and the Innova-tion Team Project of Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences(STIT2017-1-9). （2015J01111,2015J01159）
