农业工程学报2018，Vol.34Issue(4)：151-161,11.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.04.018
长期定位施肥下黑土呼吸的变化特征及其影响因素
Characteristic of black soil respiration and its influencing factors under long-term fertilization regimes
摘要
Abstract
Clarifying characteristic and its influence factors of soil respiration under long-term different fertilization is essential to the research on carbon sequestration as well as carbon emission reduction in black soil area. Our experiments were conducted in National Fertility Monitoring Station in Gongzhuling City since 1990, and 6 fertilization treatments were set up, including no fertilizer (CK), only chemical fertilizer application (NPK), inorganic fertilizer combined with low level of organic manure (NPKM1), 1.5 times the amount of inorganic fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer of NPKM1 (1.5 (NPKM1)), inorganic fertilizer combined with high amount of organic manure (NPKM2), and inorganic fertilizer combined with straw (NPKS). The seasonal variation characteristics of total and heterotrophic soil respiration were analyzed, and the relationships between relevant factors (soil temperature, moisture content, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (MBC,MBN), ammonium and nitrate nitrogen) and total or heterotrophic soil respiration were determined. The results showed that long-term combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer could significantly improve content of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, soil available phosphorus and potassium and soil active organic carbon components (P<0.05). Compared with CK, long-term combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic manure, and chemical fertilizer and straw treatment could significantly increase soil carbon cumulative emissions by 56.32%-86.54% and 70.01%-100.93%, respectively. The total contribution of root respiration to soil respiration was 23.68%-34.30%. Correlation analysis indicated that soil respiration rate was significantly positively correlated with soil temperature (P<0.01), but significantly negatively correlated with soil moisture content (P<0.01). And soil temperature could explain 42.79% and 39.61% of changes in soil respiration and heterotrophic respiration, respectively. Soil respiration rate and heterotrophic respiration rate were significantly correlated with MBC, MBN and nitrate nitrogen (P<0.01), which could explain 78.42% and 77.18%, 58.33% and 56.79%, 59.29% and 59.14% of changes in soil respiration and heterotrophic respiration, respectively. The soil ammonium nitrogen significantly affecting the soil respiration rate (P<0.05), could account for 5.56% of the changes in soil respiration, but it had no significant effect on the rate of heterotrophic respiration. Therefore, MBC had the greatest influence on total and heterotrophic soil respiration rate, and higher soil moisture content resulted in weaker soil respiration and heterotrophic respiration rates. NPKS could maintain soil carbon pool component content and microbial activity, and in addition, the carbon cumulative emissions during crop growth period were lower than that of NPKM1 under equal quantity of nitrogen of chemical fertilizer and organic manures, which was the best farmland management measure.关键词
土壤/土壤水分/肥料/土壤呼吸/异养呼吸/土壤温度/土壤微生物量碳氮/土壤铵态氮硝态氮Key words
soils/soil moisture/fertilizers/soil respiration/heterotrophic respiration/soil temperature/soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen/soil ammonium-N and nitrate-N分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
贺美,王立刚,王迎春,沈欣,张亦涛,朱平..长期定位施肥下黑土呼吸的变化特征及其影响因素[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(4):151-161,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2016YFE101100,2017YFD0201801) （2016YFE101100,2017YFD0201801）
国家自然科学基金(31770486) （31770486）
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303126-2)和中国农科院创新工程协同创新任务(CAAS-XTCX2016008-02) （农业）
