生态学报2017，Vol.37Issue(19)：6302-6312,11.DOI:10.5846/stxb201607011362
甘孜藏族自治州生态系统生产总值核算研究
Gross ecosystem product accounting for the Garz(e) Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
摘要
Abstract
Garz(e) Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (hereafter Garz(e)) is located along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,a unique geographical location that contributes to the prefecture's complex and diverse landscapes and rich biodiversity.Garz(e) possesses hydropower resources,which comprises thousands of rivers and can be divided into three parts:Jinsha River,Yalong River,and Dadu River.Owing to its important ecological location,Garz(e) has many ecosystem functions,such as water retention,soil retention,flood mitigation,the protection of biological diversity.Although the ecological condition of Garz(e) is excellent,the prefecture's economy has lagged behind that of the rest of the country,and many of the important ecosystem products and services that it provides have not been fully recognized or adequately quantified.Therefore,assessing Garz(e)'s ecosystem services is both essential and urgent and will contribute to the sustainable development of the prefecture's society and economy.In this study,Garz(e)'s ecosystem services were divided into three categories (ecosystem provisioning,regulating,and cultural services),and Garz(e)'s gross ecosystem product (GEP) was evaluated using the market value,replacement cost,and travel cost methods,among others,in order to assess the direct contribution of Garz(e)'s ecosystem to beneficiaries.Our results indicated that the GEP of Garz(e) was 754.559 billion Yuan in 2010 and that the per capita GEP was 711,800 Yuan,which is about 61 times the prefecture's gross domestic product (GDP) and per capita GDP of the same year.Among the ecosystem services,the total value of ecosystem-regulating services was the largest,at 684.228 billion Yuan and accounting for 90.68％ of the prefecture's GEP.The total value of ecosystem provisioning services and cultural services was 633.264-billion Yuan and 7.067 billion Yuan,respectively,accounting for 8.38 and 0.944％ of the prefecture's GEP.In terms of types of services,water retention,climate regulation,and carbon sequestration-oxygen release were the core services,with a total value of 844.38％ of the prefecture's GEP,thus confirming Garz(e)'s high plant cover and function as a significant water retention area of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.In terms of types of ecosystems,the values of the ecosystems were ranked as follows:Grassland ＞ Forest ＞ Shrub ＞Wetland ＞ Farmland ＞ Bare land ＞ Glaciers and snowfield ＞ Town;and the total value of the Grassland,Forest,Shrub,and Wetland was 98.87％ of the prefecture's GEP.This indicated that these four ecosystems are the main source of ecological products and services;contribute vast economic value to human society and,therefore,to the process of resource development and management;and deserve relatively more attention than other ecosystem types.Our study suggests that Garz(e)'s ecosystem services are highly valuable and that protecting the prefecture's ecosystem will also protect human welfare.The findings of the study can be applied to administrative policymaking and environmental protection,and it will provide a scientific basis for the management,protection,and compensation of the region's ecosystems.关键词
甘孜州/生态系统服务功能/生态系统生产总值Key words
Garz(e)/ecosystem service/Gross ecosystem product (GEP)引用本文复制引用
白玛卓嘎,肖燚,欧阳志云,王莉雁..甘孜藏族自治州生态系统生产总值核算研究[J].生态学报,2017,37(19):6302-6312,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0503402) （2016YFC0503402）
