生态学报2018，Vol.38Issue(4)：1366-1374,9.DOI:10.5846/stxb201701040031
区域性农田景观格局对棉蚜种群数量的生态学效应
Ecological effects of farmland landscape patterns on the populations of cotton aphids, Aphis gossypii Glover, in North China
摘要
Abstract
Changes in farmland landscape pattems can significantly affect the occurrence of and damage caused by pests.Different landscape patterns have different effects on pest populations,and thus elucidating the ecological effects of farmland landscape patterns on pests is an important factor in pest control.In this study,we chose the cotton planting district of Shandong Province in North China as our research area.We selected 14 sample counties or districts,which were as close to different land coverage types as possible.We determined population size during the primary period of cotton aphid damage.Aphids were on cotton seedlings in mid-to late May,whereas summer aphids peaked at approximately June 25.Landscape indices for each county or district were calculated from the distribution of land coverage types,which were obtained by comprehensively analyzing data from remote satellite sensing.Populations of cotton aphids were also surveyed in the corresponding counties or districts.We analyzed the correlation of multi-factors,including landscape composition,landscape quantity,and landscape configuration with cotton seedling aphids and summer aphids at the provincial level.The results showed that landscape patterns had a close association with both types of cotton aphids,which had significantly different population sizes in the same counties,whereas there were different response characteristics for cotton seedling aphids and summer aphids.Cotton seedling aphid populations has a significant positive association with total area,the fractal dimension index of farmland,contiguity index of the county,and the county's radius of rotation,and were negatively correlated with Simpson's diversity index.Summer aphid populations had a positive relationship with patch richness density and the contiguity index of residential industrial traffic.In general,responses of cotton seedling aphids and summer aphids to the contiguity index were similar,and there were more cotton seedling aphids and summer aphids in landscapes with less fragmentation.The responses of cotton seedling aphids to landscape diversity were different than those of summer aphids,and the diversity of the landscape benefited the summer aphid population,whereas it had a non-Significant relationship with seedling aphids.Patch richness density could significantly affect cotton seedling aphid populations,but not summer aphids.These results indicated the complexity of the responses of insect pests at different stages to landscape patterns.Therefore,in regions with a higher quantity of cotton aphids,we can control the population quantity of cotton aphids by reducing wintering sites,decreasing the contiguity index of residential industrial traffic,and increasing Simpson's diversity index according to the occurrence of cotton seedling aphids and summer aphids.Furthermore,we could form a regional comprehensive strategy for the control of cotton aphids by combining other biological and chemical control methods.As such,this is the first report,to our knowledge,that demonstrated that the same species occurring at different stages could have different responses to landscape patterns,which may be caused by different quality and quantity of food resources,different temperature and humidity,or other environmental conditions.We have provided theoretical and practical foundations to support the regional control of cotton aphids.关键词
农田景观格局/景观因子指数/苗蚜/伏蚜/种群数量Key words
farmland landscape pattern/landscape factor index/cotton seedling aphids/summer aphids/population size引用本文复制引用
张晴晴,卢增斌,李丽莉,关秀敏,欧阳芳,张永生,门兴元..区域性农田景观格局对棉蚜种群数量的生态学效应[J].生态学报,2018,38(4):1366-1374,9.基金项目
山东省自然基金(ZR2014YL019) （ZR2014YL019）
山东省博士基金(ZR2016CB21) （ZR2016CB21）
山东省农业科学院科技创新工程(CXGC2016A09) （CXGC2016A09）
