中国人口·资源与环境2018，Vol.28Issue(1)：165-176,12.DOI:10.12062/cpre.20170522
中国海洋环境治理政策的概览、变迁及演进趋势——基于1982-2015年161项政策文本的实证研究
Overview, changes and developing trend of China's marine governance policy: an empirical research based on 161 policy texts from 1982 to 2015
摘要
Abstract
Since the promulgation of the Marine Environmental Protection Law in 1982,in order to cope with the marine environmental problems caused by continuing economic exploitation,Chinese central government and the various marine management departments have developed a series of marine environmental governance policies aiming to achieve marine ecology,and they become important tools for environmental sustainable development.The perfection degree and the practice effect of the marine environmental governance policy system directly affect the realization of the construction of ocean power and ‘ the Belt and Road’ strategy.So,using the scientific method to explore the changes of the policy system and depict the whole policy system has great significance.With sample analysis of marine environmental policies formulated in 1982-2015 that decided by China's central government and administrative departments of marine,using content analysis and quantitative frequency extraction and basic statistical analysis methods,such clustering analysis,coword network analysis and scale analysis,we can sum up the scientific,objective and veritable policy features.According to the results of the empirical analysis,the study finds that the change of the marine environmental governance policies can be divided into four stages,namely,1982-1995 is the initial stage of policy;1996-2005 is the smooth implementation of the policy stage;2006-2011 is the deepening of the adjustment stage of policy;2012-2015 is the policy of the strategic development stage.Furthermore,the policy texts of each stage show different features.By bringing the intuitive features of the policy change process into the framework of public policy analysis,the study has extracted the historical logic of policy change.First,policy principle change from ‘ problem-orientated’ to ‘ multi-cooperative’;second,policy construction change from ‘ simple-loosing’ to ‘ systematic-tightening’;third,policy processes and decision focus point transfer to ‘ later-deciding’ stages.Finally,this paper refers to policy development should pay attention to institutional supply,establishing policy assessing indicator system and performance evaluating system,constructing choosing and using pattern of marine environmental policy tools,and promoting policy tools' innovation.关键词
海洋环境治理/海洋环境政策/政策变迁/政策内容分析Key words
marine environmental governance/marine environmental policy/policy change/policy content analysis分类
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许阳..中国海洋环境治理政策的概览、变迁及演进趋势——基于1982-2015年161项政策文本的实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(1):165-176,12.基金项目
国家博士后基金项目“海洋强国背景下我国海洋环境保护政策文本量化研究”(批准号:2015M572089),青岛市哲学社会科学规划项目“我国海洋环境治理政策的供给演进及绩效评价研究”(批准号:QDSKL1601028). （批准号:2015M572089）
