中国水稻科学2018，Vol.32Issue(2)：155-168,14.DOI:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2018.7060
不同氮肥水平下结实期灌溉方式对水稻弱势粒灌浆及产量的影响
Effects of Irrigation Regimes During Grain Filling Under Different Nitrogen Rates on Inferior Spikelets Grain-Filling and Grain Yield of Rice
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To investigate the effects of water and nitrogen application on yield and grain filling, [Method]an indica/japonica hybrid Yongyou 2640 with large-panicle and a japonica inbred Huaidao 5 with mid-panicle were grown in pots. After field seedling nursing then transplanting to pots, we designed three N rates, namely 0N (0 g N/pot), medium N level(MN, 2 g N/pot), and high N level(HN, 4 g N/pot), and three irrigation regimes post-anthesis consisting of conventional irrigation (CI, soil water potential was kept at 0 kPa), alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation (WMD, rewatered when soil water potential reached -15 kPa), and alternate wetting and severe drying irrigation (WSD, rewatered when soil water potential reached -30 kPa). [Result] In the CI regime, MN showed the highest grain yield; in the WMD regimes, however, there was no significant difference in grain yield between MN and HN. Furthermore, in the WSD regime, grain yield under HN was the highest. In terms of grain filling, the superior spikelets present no significant difference in grain filling rate and final grain weight compared with all water-nitrogen treatments; Inferior spikelets performs better in grain filling rate and final grain weight at 0N and MN under CI and WMD regimes. However, in the WSD regime, 0N led to the lowest while HN showed the highest grain filling and final grain weight, but not significantly different to MN. The above results showed that there was an obvious interaction between water and nitrogen. Among the varieties,grain filling rate and grain weight of inferior spikelets of indica/japonica hybrid Yongyou 2640 were lower than that of japonica inbred Huaidao 5,and the advantage of grain yield of Yongyou 2640 stemed from higher spikelet number per panicle. Finally, in the WMD+MN treatment, there was a higher nitrogen efficiency, creating higher grain yield with less nitrogen, and achieving the purpose of water and nitrogen saving. Secondly, it also eahanced the activity of root and leaves, improving the non-structural carbohydrate(NSC) remobilization, which promoted the upground biomass development and dry matter translocation in order to strengthen the inferior spikelets filling to induce an increase in grain yield. Therefore, it turns out to be the best water-nitrogen management in this research.关键词
水稻/产量/强势粒/弱势粒/互作/生理特性Key words
rice/yield/superior spikelets/inferior spikelets/interaction/physiological traits分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
朱宽宇,展明飞,陈静,王志琴,杨建昌,赵步洪..不同氮肥水平下结实期灌溉方式对水稻弱势粒灌浆及产量的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2018,32(2):155-168,14.基金项目
国家863计划资助项目(2014AA10A605-4) （2014AA10A605-4）
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31471447,31461143015,31471438) （31471447,31461143015,31471438）
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金资助项目[CX(16)1001,CX(17)3042] （16）
江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20131238) （BK20131238）
2015年江苏省水利科技项目(92). （92）
