中国水土保持科学2018，Vol.16Issue(1)：65-71,7.DOI:10.16843/j.sswc.2018.01.008
辽西地区沙地栽植大扁杏林对地表径流和土壤流失的影响
Effects of Armeniaca vulgaris × sibirica plantation in sandy land on surface runoff and soil erosion at plot scale in the West Liaoning
摘要
Abstract
[Background] The current situation of soil erosion after rainfall in sandy land in western Liaoning province is quite severe.Armeniaca vulgaris × sibirica is a kernel,shell meat,and economic species,its economic benefit is very considerable.Thus in this region,it is feasible to plant A.vulgaris × sibirica to prevent soil erosion.In this study,typical A.vulgaris × sibirica plantation in sandy land runoff plots in western Liaoning were selected to analyze the runoff characteristics in the year of 2012,2013 and 2016,for providing a scientific basis for the utilization of economic forest in local area.[Methods] In the monitoring site,three runoff plots were set (two plots were in A.vulgaris × sibirica plantation,the other one was CK).The soil underneath and surrounding environment in CK was consistent with other two runoff plots.Runoff plots were 20 m long,5 m wide,covered an area of 100 m2,long side and slope direction were the same at plot slope of 10°.The boundary of the plot was pouring with concrete,which was tightly connected and deeply embedded,and the surface was exposed to 20 cm.The slope of the plot was equipped with a collector groove,and the flow channel was perpendicular to the water flow (runoff) direction,and the length was the same as the width of the runoff area,and the width was 20 cm.The collector bucket was set up,and the PVC pipe with a diameter of 20 cm was connected with the collector groove,which was used to take the runoff into the collector bucket.The diameter of the collector bucket was 1 m,and there were five water holes along the upper part of the bucket.[Results] 1) During the period of monitoring,the vegetation coverage and the number of plant species obviously increased both in A.vulgaris × sibirica plots and CK.The arbor coverage of A.vulgaris × sibirica plots was 65％ higher than CK,the shrub coverage was 5％ higher than CK,the herbaceous coverage was 20％ lower than CK,and the vegetation coverage was 2％ higher than CK.2) A.vulgaris × sibirica plantation in sandy land had obvious effect on water loss and soil erosion control.The runoff and soil loss in 2012 were 109.95 m3/hm2 and 0.69 m3/hm2 respectively,and no runoff and soil erosion occurred in 2013 and 2016.The runoff and soil loss in the control area decreased from 902.3 m3/hm2 and 52.21 m3/ hm2 in 2012 to 178 m3/hm2 and 4.1 m3/hm2 in 2013,and no runoff and soil loss events occurred until 2016.[Conclusions] To sum up,A.vulgaris × sibirica plantation in sandy land can eventually form a relatively high vegetation density,then reducing the surface runoff and soil erosion in western Liaoning region,it has promising ecological and economic benefits.关键词
沙地/大扁杏/径流小区/水土流失/辽西Key words
sandy land/Armeniaca vulgaris × sibirica/runoff plot/soil and water loss/West Liaoning分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
年玉欣,邓继峰,李国忠,曹忠杰,王刚,金煜..辽西地区沙地栽植大扁杏林对地表径流和土壤流失的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2018,16(1):65-71,7.基金项目
辽宁省博士科研启动基金项目“基于水分调控的辽西北樟子松混交林林分结构动态调整机制的研究”(20170520247) （20170520247）
世界银行贷款辽宁省林业综合发展项目“生态环境成果监测结果分析与评价——土壤侵蚀与地表径流监测”(7939-中国) （7939-中国）
