北京大学学报（自然科学版）2018，Vol.54Issue(2)：415-425,11.DOI:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2017.161
深圳湾红树林湿地不同生境类型沉积物的重金属分布特征及其生态风险评价
Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Three Kinds of Habitat of Futian Mangrove Forest in Shenzhen Bay
摘要
Abstract
Taking Futian Mangrove National Nature Reserve as the study area, sediments cores (0–50 cm) were sampled among three kinds of habitat, including fish pond, Avicennia marina forest and mudflat. The spatial distribution features of physicochemical properties and heavy metals in sediment cores were analyzed. The potential ecological risk index of heavy metals was calculated and analyzed. Analysis of physicochemical properties revealed that pH value followed the order: mudflat>Avicennia marina forest>fish pond; electrical conductivity, salinity, and total organic carbon (TOC) followed the order:Avicennia marina forest>mudflat>fish pond. The metal concentrations in sediments decreased in the following order: Zn (103.45–214.14 μg/g), Cu (70.92–133.50 μg/g), Pb (54.90–84.65 μg/g), Cd (6.57–7.25 μg/g). The concentrations of Zn, Cu and Pb followed the order:Avicennia marina forest>mudflat>fish pond and the concentrations of Cd followed the order:Avicennia marina forest≈mudflat>fish pond. The lowest level was located at fish pond (P<0.05). The concentrations of Zn and Cu were extremely different (P<0.05) among different vertical depths. Only the concentration of Cu was significantly affected by the interaction effect of sites and depths (P<0.05). Bivariate correlations results indicated that TOC had a significantly positive correlation with Pb in the fish pond (P<0.05), and the correlation of different kinds of heavy metals were complicated in Avicennia marina forest and mudflat. Different kinds of heavy metals had a significantly positive correlation in the fish pond (P<0.05), indicating that the source of 4 species of heavy metals might be same. In addition, the average contents of Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb in all sediments of the Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve exceeded the first class of criteria GB 18668-2002.The single potential ecological risk of heavy metals followed the order: Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn and Avicennia marina forest>mudflat>fish pond. The integra-ted potential ecological risks at sampling sites reached high risk level completely, mainly due to Cd contamina-tion, followed by Cu.关键词
深圳湾/鱼塘/红树林/沉积物/重金属/生态风险Key words
Shenzhen Bay/fish pond/mangrove/sediment/heavy metal/ecological risk分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
程珊珊,沈小雪,柴民伟,李瑞利..深圳湾红树林湿地不同生境类型沉积物的重金属分布特征及其生态风险评价[J].北京大学学报（自然科学版）,2018,54(2):415-425,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31400446)、深圳市科创委基础研究项目(JCYJ20150331100946599,JCYJ20160330095549229)和深圳市红树林基围鱼塘修复专项(CGJ20140516)资助 （31400446）
