森林与环境学报2018，Vol.38Issue(2)：171-177,7.DOI:10.13324/j.cnki.jfcf.2018.02.007
广西廉州湾红树林湿地景观格局动态及其成因
Dynamic changes of mangrove wetland landscape pattern in Lianzhou gulf of Guangxi and its causes
摘要
Abstract
Using the theory and method of landscape ecology, the research focused on the dynamic change characteristics of mangrove wetland landscape pattern in Lianzhou gulf,Guangxi quantitatively with Quick Bird images in 2005,2008,2012,2015. The results proved that:between 2015 and 2005,the area of mangrove with an average annual growth rate of 8.44% while natural growth took account for 96.69% and plantation took account for 3.31% of the area. From 2005 to 2015, there were 104 216 m2 mangrove land which were occupied by natural and manual disturbance such as digging pond for farming, building dams, dredging river,river impacting, Derris trifoliata, Sphaeromidae. Natural factors accounted for 63.79% while human impacts accounted for 36.21%. Among them,Spartina alterniflora area was 51.170 6 hm2in 2015 with an annual growth rate of 55.05% from 2005 to 2012 and 59.17% from 2012 to 2015. The largest mangrove forest death area was due to D. trifoliata with the mangrove forest death area of 33 616 m2. From 2005 to 2012, 7 990 m2mangrove forest death area were caused by Sphaeromidae. To October, 2015, 670 single survival Sonneratia apetala plants were spread and the most distant distance was 6 408 m. The landscape pattern indexes of mangrove forest in Lianzhou gulf showed a decreasing trend from 2005 to 2012 and the landscape fragmentation has reduced. The landscape pattern indexes turned to a upward trend suggesting the landscape heterogeneity has enhanced since 2015. The average fractal dimension of the stable mangrove plaque was 1.053 9 and the average shape coefficient was 1.489 2. The natural growth and spread of native species should be mostly used for the protection and restoration of mangrove wetlands. Artificial afforestation of the mangrove patch shape can refer to the natural mangrove patch shape. The main reason for the loss of mangrove forests has changed from the direct man-made disturbance to natural disturbance. The main ecological problems of mangrove wetlands are as followings:the diffusion of Sonneratia apetala and D. trifoliata,invasion of Spartina alterniflora and disadvantage of Sphaeromidae.关键词
廉州湾/红树林/湿地/景观格局Key words
Lianzhou gulf/mangrove/wetland/landscape pattern分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
李丽凤,刘文爱..广西廉州湾红树林湿地景观格局动态及其成因[J].森林与环境学报,2018,38(2):171-177,7.基金项目
林业公益项目"红树林急速退化死亡的成因及恢复控制技术"(201504413) （201504413）
国家重点研发计划"典型脆弱生态修复与保护研究"重点专项(2017YFC0506100)课题三(2017YFC0506103) （2017YFC0506100）
广西高校中青年教师基础能力提升项目"广西廉州湾红树林海岸景观格局变化研究"(KY2016LX426) （KY2016LX426）
国家自然科学基金项目"不同造林模式红树林的促淤固滩作用对比"(41561018). （41561018）
