土壤学报2018，Vol.55Issue(2)：283-292,10.DOI:10.11766/trxb201708250388
中国典型地区轮作休耕模式与发展策略
Mode of Rotation/Fallow Management in Typical Areas of China and Its Development Strategy
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] Currently, researchers all over the country are actively exploring farmland rotation/fallow systems for pilot farms and developing scientific and rational rotation/fallow modes or methods, which is of profound significance to future development of the agriculture in China. [Method]During the period from March to June of 2017, a group of scientists of the Consultation and Research Team for Exploring and Implementing Rotation/Fallow Systems in Pilot Farms investigated the experiments of rotation/fallow systems implemented in areas typical of Jiangsu, Hunan and Hebei Provinces, examined the experiment fields and discussed with local leaders and farmers. Generalization, summarization and analysis were made of the large volumes of data and information obtained during their investigation trips coupled with the data available in the literature. Modes of the rotation/fallow systems and their corresponding technical measures in the three typical areas, i.e. mono-cropping obstacle area ( Jiangsu Province ), heavy metal pollution area ( Hunan Province ) and groundwater funnel area ( Hebei Province ), were summarized and analyzed, too.[Result] In Jiangsu, modes, like winter fallow including tillage and sunning, growing winter green manure crops, intercropping with bean crops; and other soil fertility building measures are practiced and advocated, in Hunan. planting new varieties of crops, soil amelioration, scientific irrigation, control of crop uptake of heavy metals and "VPI + n", an innovative pollution control pattern are and in Hebei, seasonal fallow and annual fallow are. Relatively and significantly higher economic, social and ecological benefits are achieved after adoption and implementation of the rotation/fallow modes in the three typical regions. Besides, "our principles", "four unifications" and "eight important measures" are brought forth for the rotation/fallow systems in the three typical areas of China. [Conclusion] Different rotation/fallow modes should be adopted site-specifically in different regions and step by step by sort. This paper is expected to be able to provide some practical reference for the pilot experiments and scientific extrapolation of the rotation/fallow system.关键词
耕地/轮作/休耕/耕作制度改革/农业可持续发展Key words
Cultivated land/Rotation/Fallow/Farming system reform/Agricultural sustainable development分类
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黄国勤,赵其国..中国典型地区轮作休耕模式与发展策略[J].土壤学报,2018,55(2):283-292,10.基金项目
中国科学院学部咨询项目(2016ZWH002A-002)资助 Supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Consulting(No.2016ZWH002A-002) （2016ZWH002A-002）
