应用生态学报2018，Vol.29Issue(2)：573-582,10.DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201802.023
渭北旱塬农田不同耕作模式对土壤性状、玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响
Effects of different tillage patterns on soil properties, maize yield and water use efficiency in Weibei Highland, China
摘要
Abstract
An eight-year field experiment of straw returning was conducted on dark loessial soil in Weibei Highland to investigate the effects of tillage patterns on soil aggregate,soil organic carbon (SOC),corn yield and soil water use efficiency (WUE).There were six tillage patterns,including conventional tillage (CT/CT),no-tillage (NT/NT),subsoiling tillage (ST/ST),no-tillage/subsoiling tillage (NT/ST),conventional tillage/no-tillage (CT/NT) and conventional tillage/subsoiling tillage (CT/ST).The results showed that compared with CT/CT,the patterns of NT/NT,ST/ST and the rotational tillage patterns (NT/ST,CT/NT and CT/ST) decreased the mean mass diameter of soil mechanical stable aggregate.The patterns of NT/NT,ST/ST and NT/ST increased the content of soil water-stable aggregate with the particle size ＞0.25 mm (WR0.25) and their mean mass diameter,especially in the depth of 20-50 cm.These patterns reduced the proportion of aggregate destruction (PAD).Compared with CT/CT,the patterns of NT/ST,CT/NT,NT/NT and ST/ST increased the content of SOC in 0-10 cm soil layer.The content of SOC decreased as the increases of soil depth for all tillage patterns,but the decrease in SOC of three single tillage patterns (ST/ST,NT/NT and CT/CT) was larger than that of three rotational tillage patterns.Compared with CT/CT,the other five tillage patterns increased soil water storage in 0-200 cm soil profile,crop yield and WUE in maize.The yield and WUE in NT/ST pattern were significantly increased by 15.1％ and 27.5％,respectively.Both corn yield and WUE were significantly and positively correlated with soil water storage in 0-200 cm soil profile in field during the cropping and fallow periods.Moreover,soil water storage during the cropping period was positively correlated with WR0.25,but negatively correlated with PAD in 0-50 cm soil layer.Particularly,maize yield,WUE and soil water storage during the cropping period were closely related to WR0.25 in 20-50 cm soil layer and PAD.Both WUE and soil water storage during the cropping period was correlated with the SOC content in 0-10 cm soil layer.With respect to the soil properties,crop yield and WUE,the tillage pattern of NT/ST was the best stratety in dark loessial soil for spring maize growth in Weibei Highland.关键词
黑垆土/耕作模式/团聚体/土壤有机碳/水分利用效率Key words
dark loessial soil/tillage pattern/soil aggregate/organic carbon/water use efficiency.引用本文复制引用
刘丹,张霞,李军,王旭东..渭北旱塬农田不同耕作模式对土壤性状、玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(2):573-582,10.基金项目
本文由农业部公益性行业科研专项(201503116)资助 This work was supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201503116). （201503116）
