四川大学学报（医学版）2018，Vol.49Issue(2)：304-308,5.
四川省绵阳市1～12岁儿童乙肝表面抗原和乙肝表面抗体的分布现况
Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigens and Hepatitis B Surface Antibodies in 1-12 Years-old Children in Mianyang, Sichuan
摘要
Abstract
Objective To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) in 1-12 years-old children in Mianyang city,Sichuan Province.Methods Children born after the implementation of Hepatitis B immunization policy were selected using a stratified random cluster sampling strategy from January to December 2015.A total of 72 623 eligible children participated in the study,which included a questionnaire survey and blood tests (0.3 mL vein blood) for HBsAg and anti-HBs with ELISA method.Repeated tests were performed on the blood samples with a HBsAg positive result.Results About 0.24％ of the children were HBsAg positive;64.50％ were anti-HBs positive;35.26％ were both HBsAg and anti-HBs negative.The standardized rates based on the 2010 population census were:0.24％ HBsAg positive,64.05％ anti-HBs positive,and 35.71％ both HBsAg and anti-HBs negative.HBsAg positive rates increased with age,ranging from 0％ to 0.65％ (P＜0.001).Rural children had a higher HBsAg positive rate (0.32％) than their urban counterparts (0.16％,P＜0.001).Those with a family history of Hepatitis B had a higher HBsAg positive rate (1.53％) than those without a family history (0.22％,P＜0.001).Anti-HBs positive rates decreased with age,ranging from 47.85％ to 71.43％ (P＜0.001).Rural children had a lower anti-HBs positive rate (62.06％) than their urban counterparts (66.81％,P＜0.001).The prevalence of both HBsAg and anti-HBs negative cases increased with age,ranging from 28.57％ to 51.98％ (P＜0.001).Rural children had a higher rate of both HBsAg and anti-HBs negative (37.62％) than their urban counterparts (33.03％,P＜0.001).About 35.37％ of the children who had negative HBsAg and anti-HBs had not received Hepatitis B immunization.Conclusions Hepatitis B vaccinations are highly effective in Mianyang.However,there are disparities in anti-HBs positive rates between the children with different characteristics.A certain proportion of children are still susceptible to hepatitis B infection.It is necessary to attach importance to neonatal hepatitis B vaccination,surveillance on anti-HBs,and strengthened immunization for the children who are lack of antibody protection.关键词
乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原/乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体/免疫策略/儿童Key words
Hepatitis B surface antigens/Hepatitis B surface antibodies/Immunization policy/Children引用本文复制引用
刘小锦,李文龙,彭友悦,王娟,任涛,王丽萍,袁萍..四川省绵阳市1～12岁儿童乙肝表面抗原和乙肝表面抗体的分布现况[J].四川大学学报（医学版）,2018,49(2):304-308,5.基金项目
国家科技重大专项基金(No.2012ZX10004-901)资助 （No.2012ZX10004-901）
