管理工程学报2018，Vol.32Issue(2)：228-239,12.DOI:10.13587/j.cnki.jieem.2018.02.026
库存不准确环境下考虑实时信息的供应链协同机制设计研究
Collaboration mechanism design with real-time information for supply chains under inventory inaccuracy
摘要
Abstract
Obtaining real-time information is becoming more and more economically feasible with the development of RFID technology.The timely and accurate inventory information enabled by RFID can help optimize the ordering decisions and resolve inventory inaccuracy problem.However,most of the existing works that address inventory inaccuracy only consider the statistical inventory information calculated from RFID,rather than use the real-time data enabled by RFID into account in the decision-making process,which may not take full advantage of RFID benefits.We study a two-stage decentralized supply chain composed of a retailer and a manufacturer.Both of them face inventory inaccuracy problem.There are two kinds of RFID benefits:visibility benefit (RFID provides accurate inventory data in a timely manner to achieve supply chain visibility),and prevention benefit (RFID combines with other technologies to prevent or reduce inventory errors).We show that the effect of the two RFID benefits of the retailer and the manufacturer are interrelated and have different impacts on each other,which are specified as follows.(1) RFID visibility and prevention benefits of the retailer and manufacturer reduce their inventory and purchase costs,respectively.(2) RFID visibility in the retailer side increases the manufacturer's inventory cost,but RFID prevention in the retailer side decreases the manufacturer's purchase cost.The above results imply that the manufacturer may be motivated to induce the retailer to retain merely inventory statistical information,in order to alleviate its increasing inventory cost incurred by the retailer's visibility benefit.On the other hand,the retailer is also incentivized to persuade the manufacturer to apply RFID,in order to share RFID investment cost.It is clear that there exists some collaboration opportunities within the supply chain.We thus design a collaboration mechanism with the consideration of real-time inventory information,and shows the conditions where the mechanism can hold.The goal of global optimal collaborative design is to minimize the total supply chain cost.The retailer only uses statistical inventory information and acquires prevention benefit.The manufacturer applies real-time information and acquires both prevention and visibility benefits.Furthermore,we use Shapley-value-method to allocate supply chain's net benefit in accordance with each party's bargaining power in order to ensure the fairness and effectiveness of the mechanism.The theoretical and numerical analyses imply the following managerial insights.(1) Supply chain collaboration is easier to achieve when (a) one party already applies RFID,(b) inventory inaccuracy is more severe,(c) RFID tag cost is lower,and (d) the product value is higher.(2) The retailer always seizes the majority of the net benefits compared with the manufacturer.With the RFID tag cost continuously going down,the manufacturer's bargaining power will be even lower in the future.This paper aims to investigate the impact of real-time information enabled by RFID on the supply chain cost and coordination,in order to better resolve inventory inaccuracy problem,and shed lights on RFID innovative application in supply chain management.关键词
实时信息/库存不准确/供应链协同机制/RFIDKey words
Real-time information/Inventory inaccuracy/Supply chain coordination mechanism/RFID分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
代宏砚,檀雅静,周伟华..库存不准确环境下考虑实时信息的供应链协同机制设计研究[J].管理工程学报,2018,32(2):228-239,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71202124、91646125、 71372191) （71202124、91646125、 71372191）
中央财经大学青年英才培育支持计划资助项目(QYP1607) （QYP1607）
新世纪优秀人才资助项目(NCET-13-0526) （NCET-13-0526）
