农业机械学报2018，Vol.49Issue(4)：60-67,8.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.04.007
基于自动导航的小麦精准对行深施追肥机设计与试验
Design and Experiment of Deep Fertilizer Applicator Based on Autonomous Navigation for Precise Row-following
摘要
Abstract
Broadcasting application of nitrogen at returning green stage results in ammonia volatilization and low nitrogen use efficiency.At present,the mechanized topdressing equipment is lacking in China,the precise fertilizer deep applicator was designed to meet the demand of mechanized subsurface topdressing fertilization for wheat,the precise row-following and accurate deep fertilizing method were studied based on autonomous navigation system.The applicator was driven by tractor mounted with autonomous navigation system to realize specific row-following operation,the speed of applicator was resolved by taking advantage of RTK-GNSS technology,the fertilizer application was driven by hydraulic system,double-disc opener opened a ditch to realize deep fertilizing,closed-loop PID control system was used to control motor speed and realize real-time rotation rate adjustment to achieve accurately control fertilizer amount.Field experiments were conducted to examine the performance of applicator,results indicated that:when the fertilizer amount was preseted to be 200 kg/hm2,tractor speed at 5 km/h,the row-following deviation within ±6 cm,the dynamic deviation of fertilizer amount deviation within 9％,which met the practical demand;compared with broadcasting application by fertilizer distributor,the amount of nitrogen was decreased by 25 kg/hm2,grain yield was increased by 486.5 kg/hm2.The applicator could achieve precise deep topdressing fertilization for wheat and be equipped for precision agriculture.关键词
小麦/深施追肥机/自动导航/PID控制/精量排肥/精准对行Key words
wheat/deep fertilizer applicator/autonomous navigation/PID control/precise fertilization/specific row-following分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
冯慧敏,高娜娜,孟志军,陈立平,李由,郭玉明..基于自动导航的小麦精准对行深施追肥机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(4):60-67,8.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200600-2016YFD0200604) （2016YFD0200600-2016YFD0200604）
