排灌机械工程学报2018，Vol.36Issue(3)：257-266,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8530.17.0001
滴灌施肥生育期比例分配对榆林市马铃薯生长和水分利用的影响
Effects of fertilizer application rate of drip irrigation fertilization in various growing stages on growth and water use efficiency of potato in Yulin City
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore effects of fertilizer application rate on growth,yield and water use efficiency of potato in drip irrigation fertilization,a local cultivar-'Zihuabai'potato in Yulin was targeted and a series of pot cultivating experiments were conducted at various fertilizer levels in different growth stages.Eight treatments (T1 (0-0.2-0.55-0.25),T2(0-0.3-0.5-0.2),T3(0.1-0.2-0.5-0.2),T4(0.1-0.2-0.45-0.25,T5(0.1-0.3-0.4-0.2),T6(0.2-0.2-0.4-0.2),T7(0.2-0.3-0.4-0.1),and T8(0.2-0.3-0.3-0.2)) were established based on the principle such as a less fertilizer application rate (20％,30％,40％ and 50％) in the early stages (seedling and tuber formation stages,ES),a higher rate (80％,70％,60％ and 50％) in the later stages (tuber enlargement and starch accumulation stages,LS).The results show that the LAI (leaf area index) and dry mass value are all presented with treatments ES0.4-0.5 ＞ ES0.2-0.3 in seeding and tuber forming stages,treatments ES0.2 is better than ES0.3-0.5 in tuber enlargement and starch accumulation stages,but the LAI and dry mass decreases significantly in T7 treatment in starch accumulation maturation stage for treatments T1 and T2,fertilization starts at tuber formation stage,a higher LAI and a more dry mass are obtained in tuber enlargement,starch accumulation and harvesting periods.For dry mass transport,the performance of dry mass accumulation of tuber after flowering is ES0.2 ＞ ES0.3-0.5,and the tuber dry mass accumulation is mainly caused by the assimilation after flowering.The variation of yield is ES0.2 ＞ ES0.5 (except T7) ＞ ES0.4 (except T5) ＞ ES0.3 (except T2).The variation of the weight of commercial potato per plant is consistent with that of the yield.However,there isn't a general correlation among averaged single tuber weight,single commodity weight and number of tubers per plant.The trends of water use efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity are similar to that of yield,and there is no statistical significance in water consumption among various treatments.In summary,from the yield and water utilization efficiency point of view,the optimum fertilizer application rates should be 20％ in seedling and tuber formation periods (no fertilization at seedling stage),55％ in tuber expansion period and 25％ in starch accumulation period,respectively,under our experimental conditions.关键词
马铃薯/滴灌施肥/生育期/施肥比例/产量/水分利用效率Key words
potato/fertigation/growth stage/fertilizer proportion/yield/water use efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
焦婉如,张富仓,高月,侯翔皓,范军亮,李志军..滴灌施肥生育期比例分配对榆林市马铃薯生长和水分利用的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,36(3):257-266,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51579211) （51579211）
陕西省农业领域重点产业创新链项目(2016KTZDNY-01-02) （2016KTZDNY-01-02）
教育部高等学校创新引智计划项目(B12007) （B12007）
